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7. In a mutant eukaryotic cell, the proteins involved in the addition of the 5’ cap of mRNA have been inactivated. Explain if this would affect the following and why it does (or doesn’t). a) The export of the mRNA from the nucleus to the cytosol?

b) Assuming the mRNA is in the cytosol, would this affect its translation?

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Jamar Ferry
Jamar FerryLv2
28 Sep 2019

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Related questions

You have discovered that the RNA transcribed from Gene X in maize is required for the regulation of Gene Y. The RNA of Gene X is not translated into proteins. However, in its absence, the levels of protein Y (product of Gene Y) are significantly increased. Propose one likely mechanism for how Gene X may be controlling the levels of Protein Y.

This is the current answer I have:

mRNA of Gene X in maize is a non-coding RNA

It is functional but it does not get translated into a protein

It binds to the complementary sequence that is present on Gene Y mRNA

Therefore, Gene Y mRNA undergoes cleavage or degradation

This results in the blocking of translation of Gene Y mRNA

Therefore, levels of protein Y are absent in presence of Gene X mRNA

In the absence of Gene X mRNA, Gene Y mRNA is not cleaved or degraded

As a result, Gene Y mRNA is translated and this results in significantly increased levels of Gene Y protein in the absence of Gene X mRNA.

Is this correct?

1- Eukaryotic viruses often regulate gene expression throughactivities that alter the mRNA 5' cap or its recognition. Give anexample of such an activity and explain how it alters geneexpression.

2- How are T effector and T memory cells different and what aretheir roles in acquired immunity?

3- what are the similarities and differences between acute andsubclinical infections?

4- why does the adaptive immune system not immediately recognizeand clear herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) when it reactivates (i.e.the latent cycle is broken and becomes lytic again)?

5-Do viruses with segmented genomes such as influenza usesequence-dependent or sequence-independent packaging? why?

6- You isolate mRNA from a virus-infected cell and sequence it.You find that there are many mRNAmolecules present and that theyare in different proportions relative to one another. The mostabundant mRNA is encoded at the 3' end of the parent RNA moleculean the least abundant mRNA is encoded at the 5' end. How was themRNA produced?

7- Explain how alternative splisingcan produce two mRNAs thatstart to encode in the "same frame" but end in an "alternativeframe"

1. The histones that form the core of the nucleosome get into the nucleus by which of the following?

a) Passive diffusion through nuclear pores

b) Selective and facilitated active transport through nuclear pores

c) Ribosomes located in the nucleus synthetize histones in the nucleus

d) Histones are made at the ER membrane and then diffuse to the nucleus

2. Membrane proteins that belong to the golgi, lysosome, or plasma membrane first pass through which organelle before reaching their final subcellular destination?

a) The golgi apparatus

b) The smooth ER

c) The nucleus

d) The ER membrane

e) The ER lumen

3. Where in the cell would a ribosomal protein be located if it has had its nuclear export signal inactivated (non-functional or non-existent).

a) The protein would be found in the ER lumen

b) The protein would remain in the nucleus

c) The protein would be secreted

d) The protein would remain in the cytoplasm

e) The protein would be in the ER membrane

4. Where would be the final destination of a protein if it contained a NLS anywhere in the protein sequence (and which is exposed to the cytoplasm after protein folding) but also contained an ER signal sequence at the carboxy terminus?

a) The ER lumen

b) The nucleus

c) The cytoplasm

d) The inner nuclear membrane

e) The ER membrane

5. The sequence K-D-E-L serves as a retention/retrieval signal for ER proteins.

a) True

b) False

6. The following are true for both cell membrane proteins and secretory proteins EXCEPT?

a) Precursors of the mature proteins contain signal sequence.

b) Both types of proteins contain stop-transfer sequences

c) Both types of proteins enter the ER while being synthetized

d) Both types of proteins pas through the golgi apparatus

e) Both are carried by clatherin-coated vesicles

7. If you isolate a regulated secreted protein from a secretory/storage vesicle and inject it into the cytosol, is will?

a) Be secreted through channels in the plasma membrane

b) Be taken up into secretory vesicle and secreted

c) Remain in the cytosol until it is degraded

d) Be taken up into the rough ER and follow the secretory pathway

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