Second messengers play an important role in cellcommunication.
Which of the following best describes their role?
None
integrate, amplify and distribute messages throughout thecell
Release messages to other cells?
Receive information at the cell surface
What is true of disulfide bonds?
a.
They often occur in the cytosol
b.
They are a noncovalent bond
c.
They are formed enzymatically in the ER
d.
They act as reducing agents
e.
they increase protein flexibility
Which of the following is NOT an example of a cell communicationmolecule?
nucleases
nitric oxide
hormones
kinases
What is true of binding pockets?
a.
They only occur in the membrane
b.
They occur in unfolded proteins
c.
They contain electrostatic interactions
d.
They contain variable amino acids
e.
What is true of cell signaling?
a.
Extracellular signals transduced by rectors always alter cellbehavior very quickly
b.
Some cells require cell signals just to survive
c.
Cell signals can be interpreted differently by differentcells
d.
B and C only
e.
All of the above (A, B and C)
Histone tails can be modified to change the shape and"tightness" of the nucleosomes. Acetylated histones result in whicheffect?
Open DNA
increased transcription
closed DNA
decreased transcription
1+2
1+4
3+4
2+3
Shifting the two bound tRNA from the A and P sites to the E andP sites of the ribosome involves:
a.
The movement of the small ribosome subunit down the mRNAchain
b.
The degradation of the A site on ribosome
c.
The synthesis of the E site on the ribosome
d.
The movement of the large subunit relative to the smallsubunit
e.
All of the above
Intracellular signaling pathways are awesome! What is the onething they can NOT do?
a.
relay the signal, to spread it through the cell
b.
nothing, they can communicate any cellular need
c.
distribute the signal to more than one effector protein
d.
integrate the signal from more than one cellular pathway
e.
Amplify the signal received, making the signal stronger
Specificity of protein/protein and protein/DNA binding isdetermined by what?
Non-covalent bonds
Hydrophobic interactions
Covalent bonds
shape of the binding site
all of the above
none of the above
1,2,3
1,2,4
1,3,4
The coiling structure of the DNA into chromosomes is achieved bywhat?
alpha helix
beta pleated sheets
chaperone proteins
DNA/Protein complexing
Which regions (s) of the DNA are found in the final protein?
a.
poly-A tail
b.
A and B
c.
Exons
d.
UTRs
e.
Introns
Metabolic processes can be turned "on" and "off" by chemicalmodifcation.
Which chemical modification do we associate with changing theactivity of an enzyme in a transient/non-permanent manner?
Phosphorylation
Ubiquitination
Methylation
Acetylation
DNA hybridization involves attaching a florescent dye towhat?
a.
Antibody
b.
Nuclear stain
c.
Probe DNA
d.
tRNA
e.
rRNA
Second messengers play an important role in cellcommunication.
Which of the following best describes their role?
None | ||
integrate, amplify and distribute messages throughout thecell | ||
Release messages to other cells? | ||
Receive information at the cell surface |
What is true of disulfide bonds?
a. | They often occur in the cytosol | |
b. | They are a noncovalent bond | |
c. | They are formed enzymatically in the ER | |
d. | They act as reducing agents | |
e. | they increase protein flexibility |
Which of the following is NOT an example of a cell communicationmolecule?
nucleases | ||
nitric oxide | ||
hormones | ||
kinases |
What is true of binding pockets?
a. | They only occur in the membrane | |
b. | They occur in unfolded proteins | |
c. | They contain electrostatic interactions | |
d. | They contain variable amino acids | |
e. | ||
What is true of cell signaling?
a. | Extracellular signals transduced by rectors always alter cellbehavior very quickly | |
b. | Some cells require cell signals just to survive | |
c. | Cell signals can be interpreted differently by differentcells | |
d. | B and C only | |
e. | All of the above (A, B and C) |
Histone tails can be modified to change the shape and"tightness" of the nucleosomes. Acetylated histones result in whicheffect?
Open DNA | ||
increased transcription | ||
closed DNA | ||
decreased transcription | ||
1+2 | ||
1+4 | ||
3+4 | ||
2+3 |
Shifting the two bound tRNA from the A and P sites to the E andP sites of the ribosome involves:
a. | The movement of the small ribosome subunit down the mRNAchain | |
b. | The degradation of the A site on ribosome | |
c. | The synthesis of the E site on the ribosome | |
d. | The movement of the large subunit relative to the smallsubunit | |
e. | All of the above |
Intracellular signaling pathways are awesome! What is the onething they can NOT do?
a. | relay the signal, to spread it through the cell | |
b. | nothing, they can communicate any cellular need | |
c. | distribute the signal to more than one effector protein | |
d. | integrate the signal from more than one cellular pathway | |
e. | Amplify the signal received, making the signal stronger |
Specificity of protein/protein and protein/DNA binding isdetermined by what?
Non-covalent bonds | ||
Hydrophobic interactions | ||
Covalent bonds | ||
shape of the binding site | ||
all of the above | ||
none of the above | ||
1,2,3 | ||
1,2,4 | ||
1,3,4 |
The coiling structure of the DNA into chromosomes is achieved bywhat?
alpha helix | ||
beta pleated sheets | ||
chaperone proteins | ||
DNA/Protein complexing |
Which regions (s) of the DNA are found in the final protein?
a. | poly-A tail | |
b. | A and B | |
c. | Exons | |
d. | UTRs | |
e. | Introns |
Metabolic processes can be turned "on" and "off" by chemicalmodifcation.
Which chemical modification do we associate with changing theactivity of an enzyme in a transient/non-permanent manner?
Phosphorylation | ||
Ubiquitination | ||
Methylation | ||
Acetylation |
DNA hybridization involves attaching a florescent dye towhat?
a. | Antibody | |
b. | Nuclear stain | |
c. | Probe DNA | |
d. | tRNA | |
e. | rRNA |
