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The Sino Atrial node has an intrinsic firing rate of 100 beatsper minute. Explain the neural mechanisms responsible for A)reducing heart rate to 70 beats per minute, and B) increasing heartrate to 150 beats per minute.

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Irving Heathcote
Irving HeathcoteLv2
28 Sep 2019
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Related questions

Ryan Runner is a track athlete who has recently been selected to compete at the 2010 Commonwealth Games. At rest, his heart rate is 50 beats per minute, and his stroke volume is 110 mL. During competition, Ryan’s heart rate increases to 200 beats per minute, and his cardiac output increases 6-fold.

a)Explain how the distribution of cardiac output to the skeletal muscle changes during intense exercise, and the mechanism by which this occurs.

b)Briefly explain how the O2 levels in Ryan’s muscles change during a race. What mechanisms does the body use to meet this altered demand for O2 during exercise?

c)It’s the day of the 800m final at the Commonwealth Games. Ryan is nervous about the upcoming race, causing his adrenal glands to increase their secretion of adrenaline. Which receptor subtype binds adrenaline at the liver? d)Name TWO (2) effects this would have on the liver.

Part C, General Science (questions 34-40)

34.If the electrical charge inside a cell was -70 millivolts,how many volts would this be?

a.-0.7 volts b. -0.07 volts c.-7.0 volts d. -70,000 volts e. -70 volts

35. What is the pH of solution that has a concentration of H+that is 0.001 moles/liter (hint: express this number usingscientific notation, then use the equation. pH = - log [H+].

a. -1 b. 3 c. 13 d. 7 e. -3

36. Using the graph below, with a ventricular stretch of 200 ml,what would be the stroke volume?

a.50 ml b. 70 ml c. 90 ml d. 110 ml e. 200 ml

37. If your heart pumps out 70 ml of blood per beat (strokevolume) and your heart rate is 60 beats per minute, what is theoutput of your heart in ml per minute (this is your cardiacoutput)

a.10 ml

b. 420 ml

c. 4,200 ml

d. 420 liters

e. 2.1 liters

38. 3,500 excess calories will eventually be converted to 1pound of fat tissue. If you consume 70 calories a day more than youburn, how long would it take you to gain one pound of fat

a. 5 days b. 2 weeks c. 50 days d. 2 months e. 5 months

39. Following rigorous exercise, your heart rate was 40 beats in20 seconds. What is your heart rate in beats per minute?

a.80 b. 160 c. 100 d. 90 e. 120

40. The amount that you learn in physiology is positivelycorrelate with

a. the frequency of your attendance

b. your desire to engage in lectures and labs

c. your asking questions when you don’t understandsomething

d. your willingness to address and work on youracademic weaknesses

e. all of these

1.The exercise heart rate (HER) should be

a. taken before, during and after class.

b. counted within 15 seconds after you stop exercising.

c. taken at the brachial site.

d. taken several times during the aerobic exercise portion of class.

e. b and d

2.Which of the following statements is FALSE?

a. A cool-down should be continued until participants’ heart rates are 120 beats per minute or lower.

b. Exercising below the THR (training heart rate zone) as determined by a standard heart rate formula may result in conditioning for low-fit individuals.

c. The recovery (post) heart rate is a useful indicator of fitness.

d. A heart rate of 120 beats per minute is equal to a heart rate of 20 beats per 10 seconds.

e. A low (-60 bpm) resting heart rate is an indication that the heart is not functioning efficiently.\

3.Which of the following statements is FALSE?

a. Steps that move around the floor help eliminate stress to the lower legs.

b. Hopping on one leg should be limited to 4 repetitions.

c. The “burn” occurs during aerobic exercise.

4.Which of the following is LEAST likely to be a benefit of regular participation in cardio exercise?

a. More energy during normal daily tasks

b. Improved oxygen transport and absorption

c. increased speed and faster reaction times

d. A reduced risk of premature death

e. improved neural transmission

d. Interval aerobics alternates intensities equal to the top and bottom of the aerobic target zone.

e. Heat rates in water (aqua) aerobics tend to run 10-15% lower than land aerobics.

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