1.In which part of the citric acid cycle does substrate levelphosphorylation occur?
2. Is glucose the only source of energy for cells? If not, at whichphase and in which form do other catabolic products typically getconverted to ATP
3. List all the steps (complexes and carriers), in order that theelectrons from NADH typical pass through before getting oxidizedinto water.
5. a) What would be the effect on ATP production of adding asubstance that makes the mitochondrial membrane leaky to protons?b) What would be the effect on pH of the mitochondrial matrix ofreducing the oxygen supply? c) Suppose that the glucose supply tothe cell is greatly reduced. What would be the effect on CO2production by the mitochondria?
6. Cytochrome c has at least two functions in mammalian cells:(1) in the electron transport chain, and (2) in apoptosis(programmed cell death). Describe what cytochrome c does in thesetwo processes (HINT: refer to chapter 15 for apoptosis relatedinformation).
8. Why do plants shut down the Calvin Cycle in the dark if theirATP and NADPH levels fall?
9. In 1-2 sentences, briefly summarize what occurs duringphotosynthesis in light dependent and light independentreactions
10. How did the evolutionary development of photosynthesis set thestage in turn for the evolution of aerobic respiration?
1.In which part of the citric acid cycle does substrate levelphosphorylation occur?
2. Is glucose the only source of energy for cells? If not, at whichphase and in which form do other catabolic products typically getconverted to ATP
3. List all the steps (complexes and carriers), in order that theelectrons from NADH typical pass through before getting oxidizedinto water.
5. a) What would be the effect on ATP production of adding asubstance that makes the mitochondrial membrane leaky to protons?b) What would be the effect on pH of the mitochondrial matrix ofreducing the oxygen supply? c) Suppose that the glucose supply tothe cell is greatly reduced. What would be the effect on CO2production by the mitochondria?
6. Cytochrome c has at least two functions in mammalian cells:(1) in the electron transport chain, and (2) in apoptosis(programmed cell death). Describe what cytochrome c does in thesetwo processes (HINT: refer to chapter 15 for apoptosis relatedinformation).
8. Why do plants shut down the Calvin Cycle in the dark if theirATP and NADPH levels fall?
9. In 1-2 sentences, briefly summarize what occurs duringphotosynthesis in light dependent and light independentreactions
10. How did the evolutionary development of photosynthesis set thestage in turn for the evolution of aerobic respiration?
