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A 75 year old has lower extremity edema due to congestive heart failure. She is prescribed furosemide, a diuretic that works on the Loop of Henle to reabsorb fluid. How does this help to decrease lower extremity edema? Explain

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Trinidad Tremblay
Trinidad TremblayLv2
28 Sep 2019

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Related questions

Meriam is an 80-year-old female. She has been independently living in her apartment. Meriam has a history of diabetes, hypertension, asthma, and obesity. Over the summer, Meriam noticed increased periods of shortness of breath with activity. She also noted a 10-pound weight gain over a 2-week period with a progressive cough. Meriam went to the clinic and had a series of tests ordered. Ultimately, Meriam was diagnosed with acute congestive heart failure

a. What clinical manifestations is Meriam experiencing? How are they related to the alteration that is occurring within her body?

b. What body processes are being affected by Meriam’s heart failure? In what way does the heart failure impact those processes?

c. What do you suspect is the etiology for Meriam's heart failure?

d. Describe the development of Meriam's heart failure

4. A second 45 year old male patient has also arrived at the ER complaining of fatigue. Frankly, he smells like he has already had a few beers today. Amazingly, you can see a rhythmic distention of the jugular veins in time with his heart beat so it is easy to count! He also has pitting edema of his lower extremities. He too has sinus tachycardia of 130 bpm, 170/90 bp and a murmur too. But his x-rays shows right ventricular hypertrophy and hepatomegaly. His echocardiogram demonstrates tricuspid insufficiency and venous regurgitation. The doc-tor says this patient has heart failure too! When does the tricuspid valve close? ________________________ What is hepatomegaly? ____________________ Unfortunately, he vomits some blood and the doctor says we need to be concerned about esophageal varices, what are they? You note the patient’s sclera is yellow, what is the jaundice likely from? ____________ Why are his signs of heart failure so different from the first patient’s signs? (Think about which side of the heart is affected, left side or right side for each patient….)

The first patient is a 39 year old male that presents to the ER with fatigue and shortness of breath. He has a heart rate of 133 bpm, 155/90 bp and a S2 associated with a harsh systolic ejection murmur. In addition he has hemoptysis and complains that his dyspnea is worse at night. He has bilateral rales and peripheral cyanosis. A chest x-ray demonstrates left ventricular hypertrophy.

A second 45 year old male patient has also arrived at the ER complaining of fatigue. Frankly, he smells like he has already had a few beers today. Amazingly, you can see a rhythmic distention of the jugular veins in time with his heart beat so it is easy to count! He also has pitting edema of his lower extremities. He too has sinus tachycardia of 130 bpm, 170/90 bp and a murmur too. But his x-rays shows right ventricular hypertrophy and hepatomegaly. His echocardiogram demonstrates tricuspid insufficiency and venous regurgitation. The doc-tor says this patient has heart failure too!

6. What diet restrictions should be given to both patients?

7. Please use complete sentences to get all points offered. Obviously, the second patient needs immediate endoscopy examine him for esophageal bleeding. But both patients are put on a diuretic and ACE inhibitor drugs. Think about the hormones listed above. Discuss what these drugs do and why these drugs are given.

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