Question

1. Explain what the Piltdown hoax is, and explain what this says about science. 2. Explain the changes that we see with bipedalism so that I can see that you know what you would look for in the skeleton. 3. What are the pre-Australopithecines, and what do we know about them (Sahelanthropus tchadensis, Orrorin tugenensis, and Ardipithecus ramidus)? Were any of them bipedal? Why is Ardipithecus so important? 4. What are australopithecines, and what defines them? 5. What are the differences between the gracile australopithecines (like anamensis, afarensis, garhi) and the robust ones (like robustus and boesei) (also called Paranthropus)? 6. What are the explanations for why hominids became bipedal?