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i) Double haploid population of a self-pollinating species

How is it created?

What is the relative percentage of recombination present within the genome in the lines?

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using it for gene mapping?

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Collen Von
Collen VonLv2
28 Sep 2019

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Related questions

2) Consider a haploid male of a certain ant species. This male’s karyotype contains a total of 3 nonhomologous chromosomes. It was estimated that the genome of this ant species contains approximately 12,000 protein-coding genes.

a. Assuming genes are distributed evenly across chromosomes, on average how many genes do you expected to find on a given chromosome of this male ant? (2 pts)

b. What is the number of allele the male ant have for each of its gene? Briefly explain your answer in your own words. (2 pts)

c. What types of gametes can this male produce (e.g. recombinant, non-recombinant, or both)? Briefly explain your answer in your own words. (3 pts)

d. In this species, previous experiments indicated that two genes, A and B, have a recombination frequency of 23%. You want to verify this statistics by conducting your own test cross experiment. Describe in a complete sentence the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring from a test cross for these two genes, given the statistics. Mention recombinant and parental phenotypes. (3 pts)

Ploidy refers to the number of complete sets of chromosomes (genes) present in a cell. The number of chromosomes in a complete set is a fixed characteristic of a species. Humans are diploid with two sets of 23 chromosomes. Fruit flies are diploid with two sets of 4 chromosomes. Sexually reproducing organisms are diploid, each somatic cell of an organism has two complete sets ("di" is a prefix indicating 2.). To complete a life cycle and reproduce new members of a species, mating is required. Mating brings a donation from a male and a donation from a female together. However, if the male and female cells remain diploid, the fertilization will result in a tetraploid zygote. In general, these are not viable. A mechanism is needed to form special haploid cells, gametes. The diploid set is split precisely into two complete haploid sets. That mechanism is meiosis.

The complete set of chromosomes of a species is also the complete set of genes of a species, the genome. (Yes, there is a minor contribution from mitochondria and chloroplasts. Inheritance of this information is "cytoplasmic".)

Please answer the following questions:

1. How many chromosomes in a brain cell of a fruit fly? How many chromosomes are in a liver cell of a human? Explain both answers.

2. How many chromosomes are in a fruit fly unfertilized egg? How many chromosomes are in a human egg? Explain both answers.

3. Why is meiosis necessary for sexually reproducing organisms? How many chromosomes are in a human zygote? Relate the two answers.

4. What is a gene allele? Suppose there is a gene called "bingo" and it is present once in a complete haploid set. How many alleles of "bingo" does a diploid individual have? How many copies or versions of the gene "bingo" are present in a diploid individual?

5. Modern DNA sequencing clearly identifies alleles by showing the different DNA sequence of each allele. These alleles may be termed structural alleles (I coined the term for this problem.). Classical genetics only dealt with phenotypes or visible traits. As a result, alleles of genes were identified by functionality, usually normal or non-functional. Using your knowledge of gene structure and gene expression, postulate a relationship between structural alleles and functional alleles. (include relative amounts; more, less, or equal).

The genome of a species consists of 3x 106 bp of B-DNA.

a. How many phosphorus atoms are found in the double helix?

b. How many turns are present in the double-helix?

c. What is the length ofthe DNA in mm?

Please explain!

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