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Bidirectional microglia article by Szepesi

a. What was the initial hypothesis being tested?

b. What methods were used?

c. What did they find?

d. What were their conclusions?

e. What are the limitations of the study?

f. Do you think the results support the conclusions? Why/whynot?

g. What follow-up experiments would you suggest?

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Hubert Koch
Hubert KochLv2
29 Sep 2019
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Related questions

Article: Basal forebrain degeneration precedes and predicts the cortical spread of Alzheimer’s pathology

https://bbl.westfield.ma.edu/bbcswebdav/pid-1058990-dt-content-rid-12869706_1/courses/wsu_BIOL0333001_2018fall/Alzheimers.pdf

-Please do not use direct quotes from the article-

2. Hypotheses:

a) What are the hypotheses? (list all hypotheses proposed)

b) Is the reasoning behind the hypotheses explained? What is the logic behind each hypothesis?

3. Introduction:

a) Does the introduction provide appropriate background for the study? Why or why not?


b) Is the introduction missing useful information that would have been helpful? If so, explain. For example, did you have to look up any additional information?

c) Is the relevance of the work clear? What is the relevance of the work?

4. Methods:

a) Summarize the methods that were used.

b) Were the methods appropriate? {Was this the best way to test the hypotheses? Were there problems with the methodology (if so describe them)?}

5. Analysis:

a) Were there any problems with the data analysis, including use of statistics?

b) Did the authors present quantitative data in a clear way (use of graphs/tables)?

6. Your OWN assessment of the results:

a) List YOUR conclusions from the DATA presented?

b) Do you feel that the author's conclusions are reasonable and justified? If there are any problems with the author’s conclusions, explain them.

c) Does the author ignore any aspects of the results?

7. Discussion:

a) Did the authors compare their results with previous published papers? If so, provide at least 1 example.

b) Are the implications of the results properly discussed (how do these results relate back to the “big picture” of what is being studied)? What are the implications?

c) Are the conclusions clearly stated? If so, what are they?

d) In addition to what the authors discussed, what further studies would YOU find interesting to pursue?

8. Abstract (if there is one):

a) Does the Abstract really give an appropriate summary of the paper?

Scientific Method Exercise
Identify a situation in which you applied the scientific approach to solving a problem. Share your thinking! The problem you choose to write about can be very simple, such as: my flashlight won't work, or my car won't start, or I baked muffins and they were flat ( didn't rise properly) , or the toilet won't flush properly, or better yet, think of your own. These probably don't sound like "science" problems, but it is most likely that you would use the scientific method to solve them, without even realizing it. Avoid using people problems and child or pet behavior issues as your "problem." Follow these steps to create your first writing assignment:

1. Describe the situation and your observation,
2. Describe your hypothesis to explain the observation.
3. Describe your further observations or experiments to test the hypothesis. Be sure your hypothesis is one that can be tested. Consider what you might use for "controls".
4. Was the hypothesis correct? If not, can you find a better one? Or do you need a better experiment? If so, what would it be?

The assignment should be formatted as follows: Be sure to include the labels, so it is clear that you recognize and identify each step in the process.
Problem: (briefly describe your problem here)
Question: (This may be a "how" or "why" question that you will formulate a tentative answer to. Your tentative answer is your hypothesis.)
Hypothesis: (State the answer to your question above. This is your "best guess" regarding the answer to the question.)
Prediction: (This describes your experiment very briefly and states the outcome you expect that would support your hypothesis)
Experiment: (Describe how you tested your hypothesis)
Results: (Describe what happened, and whether the results supported or failed to support your hypothesis)

I answered some of them but i just want to make sure...
ARTICLE: Dietary Fat Intake and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Women: 20 Years of Follow-up of the Nurses’ Health Study (https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/96f3/9a4bfd42af16449f5176a09e2a6627226ecc.pdf )

1. What are the exposures of interest? How were they assessed? (include in your response: method, frequency, quality and accuracy of ascertainment) What are the advantages and limitations of the chosen exposure assessment?

2. What is the main outcome of interest? How was the outcome assessed (include in your response: method, frequency, quality and accuracy of ascertainment)? What are the advantages and disadvantages of this approach?

3. What is the source population of this study? Does this differ from the target population? What are the advantages and disadvantages of studying this population?

4. Describe who and how many participants comprise the study population. How many were lost to follow-up and/or how many remained in the study?

5. Both Tables 2 and 3 refer to the ‘Relative Risk of coronary heart disease...’. What type of risk measure is being calculated?

6. The authors excluded women who reported having cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, other cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, or hypercholesterolemia before June 1, 1980. Why did they do this? How would leaving these women in have affected their results?

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