Log in
Biology
5
answers
0
watching
421
views
15 Jan 2018

Give two reasons why a universal species concept (i.e. one species concept that works for all life) has proven difficult?

Write 1-2 sentences for each. (4 points).

Chapter 24 Campbell biology please I need help for that

Watch
5
answers
0
watching
421
views

For unlimited access to Homework Help, a Homework+ subscription is required.

Unlock all answers

Get 1 free homework help answer.
Already have an account? Log in
Share
Already have an account? Log in
Share
Already have an account? Log in
Share
Already have an account? Log in
Share
Collen Von
Collen VonLv2
15 Jan 2018
Already have an account? Log in
Share

Related textbook solutions

Molecular Cell Biology
8 Edition,
Lodish
ISBN: 9781464183393
Biology: Science for Life with Physiology
6 Edition,
Belk
ISBN: 9780134555430
Concepts of Biology
OER Edition,
Openstax
ISBN: 9781938168116
Biology
2nd Edition, 2013
Openstax
ISBN: 9781947172517
Essentials of Biology
5 Edition,
Mader
ISBN: 9781259660269

Related questions

1. Name and describe two species concepts discussed in De Queiroz 2007. For the species concepts you described, explain the advantages and disadvantages of each concept. Also explain a scenario when each species concept could be used to define species limits.

2. Define the terms species conceptualization and species delimitation. Be sure to refer to the article for these definitions. Why does De Queiroz argue that these two ideas should be treated separately?

NEED HELP PLEASE!!!! Please be very detailed with the response I need to understand! Thank You!

1.

An area has two different Anopheles species, both of which can vector Plasmodium, although Plasmodiumdevelops best and is transmitted best by species B. Species A is dominant because its larvae outcompete species B in the main shared breeding sites, small lakes and ponds. Therefore the population of B is currently small. The small lakes and ponds are also the source for the main food source in the region, fish, grown in fish farms. There is grazing land, but other than chickens, the local population does not have livestock. Species A is largely endophagous and endophilic, species B is exophilic. In other sites, both species A and B will also feed on cattle, and B appears to prefer cattle. Both species also like to roost during the hot day in rock overhangs and small caves. To give some context to your answers use the IPM terminology considered in class.

A) The national malaria control agency sends in a new person to develop a malarial control strategy. (S)he recommends oiling the lakes and ponds, and intensive house spraying . Discuss why each of these two options would be a good or bad idea. In your answer consider effects on species A, species B, and malaria incidence. And remember, the idea is to help the local population.

B) Develop an alternative targeted strategy that might work well in this situation. Explain why this would be a good fit. Use only strategies that have been used successfully in the field, and avoid "just spray everything" strategies. Explain why your strategy should work.

2.

After roughly 15 years we have the first malaria vaccine going into phase 4 trials. Meanwhile a Zika vaccine is starting phase 2b trials, only 2-3 years after the first major outbreak in Brazil.

A) Discuss in some detail why it is so much more difficult to develop a vaccine for malaria than for e.g. the Zika or rubella virus. I am looking for at least 2 reasons, and a brief explanation of those reasons. Just stating that one is complex and the other simple is insufficient. If that is what you want to say, back it up with facts.

B) Both the CRISPR bacterial defense system and the adaptive immune system in mammals have means to recognize “signatures” of invading organisms. In what way are the two systems different?

3.

The malaria control team in a given area has access to 5 different drugs, chloroquine, mefloquine, pyrimethamine, amodiaquine, and artimisinin. Nothing else will be available for the foreseeable future. Some resistance to all 5 is already observed.

A) Provide a strategy to maximize the time you can cure malaria using these 5 drugs. Explain why you want to use this strategy (what is the idea behind your plan), and be precise: when do you plan to use what drugs. What are the potential problems you can face and how do you plan to deal with them? Remember, you are working with humans, not robots.

B) Hypnozoites are forms of P. vivax and P. ovale that are dormant, with barely any metabolic activity. After long periods of time (months, a year), they can be re-activated start invading red blood cells, and causing malaria. Explain why artemisinin would or would not be a good drug for people suspected of carrying hyponozoites.

Pre-Laboratory Questions

1. Why do bacterial cultures need to be incubated, usually for at least 24 hours, before we can see evidence of bacterial growth that can be observed with the unaided eye?

2. In what ways are the media used in this investigation selective?

3. In what ways are the media used in this investigation differential?

4. Consider a mixture of bacterial species from the same genus, such as Staphylococcus. Some members of this genus are harmful pathogens, while others are not. Would a selective medium alone be a good tool to separate the harmful species from the non-harmful species? Explain your answer.

Post-Lab Questions

1. Would simply adding a pH indicator like phenol red to a general-purpose medium, such as nutrient agar, result in a medium that is selective, differential, both, or neither? Why or why not?

2. Why were you instructed to inoculate each plate with three separate streaks, one of each bacterial species, instead of combining all three species and streaking them all onto the plate together?

3. Blood agar and chocolate agar are commonly-used media in many clinical and research laboratories. Why do you think they were not included in your kit?

4. Were there any discrepancies between what you saw in your experiment and what you expected to see based on the lab manual and your readings in this section?

Related Documents

BIO152H5 Chapter Notes - Chapter all: Mate Choice, Punctuated Equilibrium, Ibm 7090
mauveguinea-pig249
BIO 1130 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Liger, Zygote, Embryonic Diapause
bluellama985
BIO 121 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Microevolution, Allopatric Speciation, Mate Choice
ceruleanplatypus574

Weekly leaderboard

Home
Homework Help 3,900,000
Biology 460,000
Start filling in the gaps now
Log in