What are the advantages of recombination? What are the disadvantages? Under what kinds of ecological conditions (stable environment, high predation rates, exposure to rapidly evolving parasites, etc.) would you expect to favor one, or the other?
Suppose you found a region of a genome in a vertebrate that was quite large (say, 10 million base pairs) that had an extremely low recombination rate. Suggest a reason why it might be advantageous to not recombine the genes in that genomic region.
How do prokaryotes distinguish the newly synthesized strand from the old template strand? Why donât eukaryotes use the same mechanism?
What is methylation used for in prokaryotes? In eukaryotes?
What happens if mismatch repair occurs shortly after replication? How does it know which mismatched, normal base is incorrect? What happens if mismatch repair occurs long after replication has occurred?
Why does uracil DNA glycosylase have so an easier task to perform than thymine DNA glycosylase?
Describe the steps that occur following uracil DNA glycosylase activity. What needs to happen; what enzymes are involved?
What do x-rays do to DNA? What does UV radiation do? What do microwaves do?
Is there a safe minimum dose of radiation?
Why is telomerase turned off in human somatic cells? Is it turned off in mouse somatic cells? Would you expect it to be turned off in elephants? Would you expect elephants to have high cancer rates compared to mice?
Where is telomerase necessary? Is it on the leading, or lagging strand, or both? Why donât bacteria need telomerase?
Why is microsatellite instability used by physicians to measure problems with mismatch repair?
What are the advantages of recombination? What are the disadvantages? Under what kinds of ecological conditions (stable environment, high predation rates, exposure to rapidly evolving parasites, etc.) would you expect to favor one, or the other?
Suppose you found a region of a genome in a vertebrate that was quite large (say, 10 million base pairs) that had an extremely low recombination rate. Suggest a reason why it might be advantageous to not recombine the genes in that genomic region.
How do prokaryotes distinguish the newly synthesized strand from the old template strand? Why donât eukaryotes use the same mechanism?
What is methylation used for in prokaryotes? In eukaryotes?
What happens if mismatch repair occurs shortly after replication? How does it know which mismatched, normal base is incorrect? What happens if mismatch repair occurs long after replication has occurred?
Why does uracil DNA glycosylase have so an easier task to perform than thymine DNA glycosylase?
Describe the steps that occur following uracil DNA glycosylase activity. What needs to happen; what enzymes are involved?
What do x-rays do to DNA? What does UV radiation do? What do microwaves do?
Is there a safe minimum dose of radiation?
Why is telomerase turned off in human somatic cells? Is it turned off in mouse somatic cells? Would you expect it to be turned off in elephants? Would you expect elephants to have high cancer rates compared to mice?
Where is telomerase necessary? Is it on the leading, or lagging strand, or both? Why donât bacteria need telomerase?
Why is microsatellite instability used by physicians to measure problems with mismatch repair?
