BIOL 190 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Sister Chromatids, Centromere, Meiosis
Document Summary
Bio 190- lecture 6 (meiosis and crossing over) Random orientation of tetrad at metaphase i. In human cells, somatic cells have: 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes. Matched in their length and the genes that they have. One member of each pair came from each parent. The human sex chromosomes x and y differ in size and genetic composition. The other 22 pairs of chromosomes are autosomes with the same size and genetic composition. Homologous chromosomes are matched in: length, centromere position, gene location (locus) top orange=loci. An organism"s life cycle is the sequence of the stages leading: from the adults of one generation, to the adults of the next. Human and many animals and plants are diploid (2n), with body cells that have: two sets of chromosomes, haploid (1n) Meiosis is a process that converts diploid nuclei to haploid nuclei: occurs in the sex organs, producing gametes- sperm and eggs. Fertilization is the union of sperm and egg.