BIOL 190 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Spindle Apparatus, Cleavage Furrow, Endoplasmic Reticulum

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copperwoodchuck239

10 Oct 2016

School

University of San Diego

Department

Biology Courses

Course

BIOL 190

Professor

Leavitt, Dean

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Document Summary

Prokaryotic ring shape chromosome, eukaryote, no membrane bound organelles, no nucleus, no endoplasmic reticulum, no mitochondria, binary ssion, membrane bound nucleus, has histone proteins to support dna, linear dna, mitosis and miosis. I - i interphase: cell performs normal functions, dna is replicated. P - pick - prophase: chromosomes condense, mitotic spindle begins to form. M - my - metaphase: mitotic spindle is complete, chromosomes are at the equator. A - apples - anaphase: spindles pull chromosomes apart. T - today - telophase and cytokinesis: cleavage furrow occurs, cell divides into two identical daughter cells centromere is destroyed. Mitosis: reproduction method, makes new cells, repairs tissues. N is the haploid number: this is 2^23 for people. this is about 8. 4 million possible combinations of paternal and maternal chromosomes. Meiosis in male humans - spermatogenesis: occurs in sexually mature males continuously.

Related Questions

Question 1 (2 points)

In which phase of cell division is marked by the dissolution of the nuclear membrane, the condensation of chromosomes, and the formation of the mitotic spindle?

Question 1 options:

	prophase
	metaphase
	telophase
	anaphase

Question 2 (2 points)

The physical separation of cells during cell division is called:

Question 2 options:

	Cytokinesis
	Telophase
	Interphase
	Chromosome
	Cell plate

Question 3 (2 points)

Meiosis is necessary for sexual reproduction; the gametes formed during this process before fertilization are _______________.

Question 3 options:

	Haploid
	Diploid
	Zygote
	Homologous
	Tetrads

Question 4 (2 points)

Mitosis is the process by which a ___________ cell separates the chromosomes in its nucleus into two identical sets of nuclei.

Question 4 options:

	eukaryotic
	prokaryotic
	bacterial
	all of these are correct

Question 5 (2 points)

Which of the following statements about crossing over is INCORRECT?

Question 5 options:

	It occurs between homologous chromosomes
	It allows for two parents to produce many different types of offspring
	It contributes to genetic diversity in a population
	It occurs during prophase I of mitosis

What is the difference between chromatin and chromosomes?

Question options:

	chromatin is one of two identical strands of DNA.
	chromosomes are chromatin that has been tightly packed and coiled.
	chromosomes are composed of nucleosomes and chromatin is composed of sister chromatids.
	chromosomes are important in mitosis and chromatin is essential to meiosis.

Bacterial cells only reproduce asexually and cannot exchange genetic material.

Question options:

	True, because they undergo binary fission.
	False, because they transfer genetic material with other bacterial cells.
	True, because they have a cell wall that prevents sharing of genetic material.

After a visit to a specialist, Dan was diagnosed with liver cancer. Six months later additional tumors were found in his stomach and small intestine. This is an example of

Question options:

	malignant tumors.
	benign tumors.
	Both malignant tumors and metastasis are correct.

Which of the following does NOT occur during mitosis?

Question options:

	DNA is replicated.
	Replicated chromosomes divide.
	Cells line up along the equator of the cell.

Which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched?

Question options:

	prophase -- mitotic spindle forms
	metaphase -- chromosomes line up along the equator
	telophase -- cytoplasm divides

Why is hair loss a common side effect of cancer treatments?

Question options:

Hair cells are at the surface of the body so die easily.

Hair cells divide rapidly and so are targeted by the cancer drugs.

Cancer drugs often target and kill random cells within the body.

From "Investigating Life: Cutting Off a Tumor's Supply Lines in the War on Cancer," how are endostatins used to treat cancerous cells?

Question options:

	They prevent angiogenesis by cancerous cells.
	They promote growth of new blood vessels to feed cells.
	They bind to receptors on cancerous cells and prevent cells from reproducing.

Question 1

The process by which RNA is synthesized using DNA as a template is â¦

Select one:

a. replication

b. transcription

c. translation

d. inspiration

Question 2

Which of the following occurs during meiosis but not mitosis?

Select one:

a. DNA condenses into chromosomes

b. nuclear envelop disappears

c. homologous chromosomes separate

d. sister chromatids separate

Question 3

Which part of the animal life cycle is haploid?

Select one:

a. gamete

b. zygote

c. sporophyte

d. spore

Question 4

Single celled eukaryotic organisms are â¦

Select one:

a. viruses

b. bacterial

c. archaea

d. protists

Question 5

Which type of cellular division results in the formation of diploid cells from a diploid parent cell?

Select one:

a. mitosis

b. meiosis

c. interphase

d. A and B but not C

e. all of the above

Question 6

A sequence of DNA that codes for a single protein is a â¦

Select one:

a. gene

b. ribosome

c. mRNA

d. none of the above

Question 7

Which of the following is characteristic of animals?

Select one:

a. heterotrophic

b. sexual reproduction

c. embryonic development

d. all of the above

Question 8

All genes have only two possible alleles.

Select one:

True

False

Question 9

The presence of membrane-bound organelles is characteristic of â¦

Select one:

a. prokaryotes

b. viruses

c. bacteria

d. eukaryotes

Question 10

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Select one:

a. fatty acids

b. amino acids

c. nucleic acids

d. all of the above

Question 11

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Select one:

a. Mitosis

b. Interphase

c. Meiosis

d. Replicosis

Question 12

Which of the following characteristic is shared among fungi and animals?

Select one:

a. autotrophic

b. heterotrophic

c. cell walls

d. absorb nutrients

Question 13

A error in DNA replication that goes unrepaired is a â¦

Select one:

a. chromosome

b. chromatid

c. mutation

d. none of the above

Question 14

Alternate forms of a gene are called ________.

Select one:

a. chromatids

b. chromosomes

c. ribosomal subunits

d. alleles

Question 15

The physical expression of a genotype is the phenotype.

Select one:

True

False

Question 16

In complete dominance, a heterozygous genotype results in â¦

Select one:

a. a recessive phenotype

b. a dominant phenotype

c. a third and unique phenotype

d. none of the above

Question 17

Which theory explains the evolution of eukaryotes from prokaryotes?

Select one:

a. phagocytosis

b. endosymbiosis

c. pinocytosis

d. none of the above

Question 18

Which scientist experimented with plants to describe patterns of inheritance?

Select one:

a. Mendel

b. Chase

c. Einstein

d. Watson

Question 19

Which cellular organelle contains aerobic cellular respiration?

Select one:

a. chloroplasts

b. mitochondria

c. nucleus

d. lysosome

Question 20

Which of the following statements is false?

Select one:

a. Haploid gametes are formed by meiosis

b. Mitosis forms genetically identical daughter cells

c. Mitosis results in the formation of four daughter cells from a single parent cell

d. Mitosis forms diploid daughter cells from a diploid parent cell

Question 21

The first forms of life on Earth were ________.

Select one:

a. plants

b. microorganisms

c. birds

d. dinosaurs

Question 22

Which of the following is used to separate chromosomes during nuclear division?

Select one:

a. cytoskeleton

b. microtubules

c. actin and myosin

d. amoeboid movement

e. all of the above

Question 23

Which generation is most dominant in more primitive plants?

Select one:

a. bryophyte

b. sporophyte

c. gametophyte

d. androphyte

Question 24

Which of the following is characteristic of plants?

Select one:

a. autotrophic

b. contain chloroplasts

c. multicellular

d. all of the above

Question 25

During which phase of mitosis do chromosome line up along the middle of the cell?

Select one:

a. prophase

b. metaphase

c. anaphase

d. telophase

Question 26

During which phase of mitosis does DNA condense into distinct chromosomes?

Select one:

a. prophase

b. metaphase

c. anaphase

d. telophase

Question 27

The process by which DNA is used as a template to make new DNA is â¦

Select one:

a. translation

b. replication

c. transcription

d. allocation

Question 28

Which of the following is characteristic of plant but not animal cells?

Select one:

a. chloroplasts

b. water vacuole

c. cell wall

d. all of the above

Question 29

Which meiotic division is most like mitosis?

Select one:

a. Meiosis I

b. Meiosis II

c. Meiosis III

d. Meiosis IV

Question 30

Which enzyme catalyzes replication?

Select one:

a. DNA polymerase

b. RNA polymerase

c. Ribosome

d. all of the above

BIOL 190 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Spindle Apparatus, Cleavage Furrow, Endoplasmic Reticulum

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