PHL 131 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Ignoratio Elenchi, Pita, Genealogy
8 Jun 2020
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Fallacies: when arguments turn bad: logical and quasi-logical fallacies: diagnosed in terms of argument structure, non sequitur: it doesn"t follow. Ignoratio elenchi: an argument with an irrelevant conclusion. Example: hey mom, jack was really mean to me . Quantifier scope fallacy: an argument that infers a specific statement from its unspecific version. Consists in a misordering of a universal quantifier (all, every, each) and an existential quantifier (some, a, the, one) resulting in an invalid inference: example: every dog owner brings their dogs to play in the park. Therefore, there is one particular park in the city at which every dog owner will bring their dog to: example 2: everyone loves someone in their life/in the world. Therefore, there is somebody/one person that everyone loves. Argument from ignorance: there is a lack of evidence that p. Therefore, not p: example: we have no evidence that marc is cheating on his wife.
