BIO 314 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: E2F, Reading Frame, Penetrance
Document Summary
X- rays induce chromosomal breaks: chemotherapy can damage dna, mdm2 is the ubiquitin ligase of p53, when p53 is phosphorylated during stressful events, it cannot be bound by mdm2 and is stabilized. Initiator caspases need cytochrome c: executioner caspases cause breakup of the cell, cytochrome c forms an apoptosome, complexes with apaf 1. Initiates proteolytic enzyme (caspase 9): iap"s inhibit caspases, and some ubiquitinate them, anti-iaps inhibit iaps, grim, reaper, hid, smac/diablo, regulation post-cytochrome c release, inhibition of apoptosis: Inactivation of pro-apoptotic bh3 protein: loss of p53. Interfere with p53 binding to mdm2, leading to: p53"s direct mitochondrial activity stabilization and activation of p53, in addition to its role as a transcription factor, p53 promotes apoptosis by translocating to the mitochondria. Inhibits anti-apoptotic proteins: activating pro-apoptotic proteins, directly promoting cytochrome c release and apoptosis, mitochondrial p53 promotes oligomerization of pro-apoptotic proteins bax and.
