BIO 12 Lecture Notes - Lecture 26: Posterior Pituitary, Growth Factor, Thyroid
Document Summary
Metabolic actions supporting growth (increase available energy for use) Increases protein synthesis (increasing cell size; hypertrophy) Inhibit glucose uptake into adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Stimulate lipolysis (fat breakdown) in adipose tissue. Increase uptake of amino acids into cells. Epiphyseal plate: long bones grow at the ends, site of growth for increases in length of bone, composed of cartilage. Chondrocytes: increases in size and number, forming cartilage which make bone longer. Osteoblasts: found in shaft and plate, visibly make bone by rebuilding bone. No further increase in bone length after closure. Acromegaly: too much growth hormone, bones, hands, feet, and face increase in size. Tumour in pituitary gland: too much growth hormone, increased number of chondrocytes. Hypothalamic-pituitary axis (hpa) is a major part of the endocrine system. Anti-diuretic hormone is made in the hypothalamus but released in the posterior pituitary to increase water reabsorpotion in the kidney.
