BIOL 312 Lecture Notes - Lecture 35: Western Corn Rootworm, Integrated Pest Management, Parasitoid Wasp
14 Dec 2017
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Document Summary
Harmless until becoming a vector of a plant of animal pathogen. Switch from a native to an introduced plant. Resulting from agricultural practices (e. g. monoculture, high density). Chemical control: insecticides (poisons) natural (often plant-derived): alkaloids, rotenoids, pyrethrins, neem. Insect growth regulators: juvenile hormone mimics, chitin synthesis inhibitors. Effects of insecticides: broad spectrum and persistence in the environment: destruction of non-target organisms, including natural enemies of pests. Environmental contamination and bioaccumulation in produce and further up the food chain, resulting in negative effects on human health, ecosystem function and biodiversity. Failure of insecticides as a general approach: overall, damage by many pests has increased, despite increased use of insecticides integrated pest management: attempting to minimize both economic and environmental damage. Insecticide resistance: e. g. behavioural avoidance, physiological changes, detoxification via enzymes (metabolic resistance). Biological control: classical bio control: importing and establishing natural enemies of exotic pests, other possibilities include augmentation of native control agent, importing exotic enemy to control native pest (controversial).
