BIO120H1 Lecture 7: Lecture 7.docx

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azureotter600

18 Apr 2012

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BIO120H1 Full Course Notes

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Classification of who gains who looses: (consumer resource +/-) structure: predator+,-prey, plant+,-herbivore. Coevolution, reciprocal changes of genetic makeup of species. Reaction of species to each others presence: lotka voltera model of competition: extension of logistics. Alpha 12 is the effect of species 1 on species 2. Pair of differential equations which show impact of animals on each other. Graph cant be drawn but end result of competitive interaction is know. There are 4 different end results: species 1 always wins b) species 2 can always win c) two species might coexist indefinitely. Each cut into each other species pop size d) unstable situation where we don"t know who will win because of different starting situation. Coexistence requires species to inhibit there own growth more than they inhib each others growth: criteria for coexistence in competitors. Law of competitive exclusion stated that in competition, one species would loose: empirical testing: gause experiments with protozoa.

Related Questions

1)In the Arroyo Seco, the Western Toad feeds on beetles, bees, and small aquatic insects. The Bull Frog has been introduced and eats the same foods. The based on this information interaction between these two species can best be described as:

2)Introduced species such as the Polyphagous Shot Hole Borer can damage the communities they are introduced to by:

changing communities to have a uniform distribution

providing food for native species

increasing species richness

spreading new parasites and diseases

3)Species that compete for the same resources often switch to either use different resources or find ways to reduce competition. Why is this often true?

introduced (exotic species) are always going to be the best competitors

to avoid parasites

direct competition harms both species, even the superior competitor

competition only benefits one of the species

3. Which parameters appear in the Lotka-Volterra equations for competition between two species (species 1 and species 2) that do NOT appear in the two logistic equations for the same two species? a. Carrying capacities b. Intrinsic rates of increase c. Times to extinction d. Alphas

Which of the following statements supporting the argument that competition is extremely important in ecological systems is FALSE?

-Competitor species show niche differentiation in space, time, and/or diet.

Coexisting species are always engaged in competitive interactions.

Competitors show negatively associated distributions.

Competitive release has been documented in a number of areas.

Coexisting species that utilize the same resources within habitats may coexist by partitioning those resources.

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BIO120H1 Lecture 7: Lecture 7.docx

BIO120H1 Full Course Notes

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