BIO153H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Phototroph, Streptococcus, Intracellular Parasite
Document Summary
Bacteria and archaea have a profound impact on humans and global ecosystems. Few bacteria cause infectious diseases, some bacterial and archaeal species can clean up pollution, photosynthetic bacteria created the oxygen atmosphere, and bacteria and archaea cycle nutrients through every environment. Bacteria and archaea have evolving for billions of years and are extremely sophisticated organisms. Although they are small and relatively simple morphologically, they live in virtually every habitat known and use remarkably diverse types of compounds in cellular respiration and fermentation. Bacteria and archaea form two of the three largest branches on the tree of life: three major branch or domain is eukarya, the eukaryotes. Virtually all members of the bacteria and archaea are unicellular, and all are prokaryotic. Bacteria and archaea are distinguished by the types of molecules that make up their plasma membrane and cell walls, and by the machinery they use to transcribe dna and translate mrna into proteins.
