BIO 1140 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Titin, Intron, Guanine

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raspberrypug641

4 Mar 2016

School

University of Ottawa

Department

Biology

Course

BIO 1140

Professor

Caroline Petit- Turcotte

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Document Summary

Rna polymerase 2 unzips the dna as in the video. Start with dna that transcribes to rna and then translate it to protein. 5"->3" only one possible order, one way to elongate the segments, dna strand is always synthesized in this direction. You"re trying to build rna which is 5"->3" so there"s only one possible way for the enzyme to accomplish this. Rna polymerase 2 can read and build a complimentary 5"->3" rna. Polymerase does not change the u to t. it changes 3"->5" and grabs new nucleotides. After transcription you get a different step to mature the rna (not required in prokayrotes) In prokaryotes, dna is directly transcribed to mrna. In eukaryotes, dna is transcribed to a pre-messenger rna, that will be matured into mrna, and then be transported out of the nucleus. Hollow enzyme (rna polymerase) in bacteria there"s only 1 rna polymerase that does all of the. It"s an enzyme that"s built with multiple subunits.

Related Questions

Which type of RNA is unique to eukaryotes?

		mRNA
		rRNA
		tRNA
		snRNA
		Its a trick, all cells have all four types of RNA.

1 points

QUESTION 2

The region of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription is the:

		origin
		promoter
		enhancer
		none of the above are correct

1 points

QUESTION 3

Holoenzyme:

		is RNA polymerase core enzyme.
		is sigma factor.
		is core plus sigma factor.
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 4

Which of these is formed FIRST when RNA polymerase binds to a promoter?

		The closed promoter complex
		The open promoter complex
		A rho-independent terminator
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 5

A hairpin loop followed by a run of Us:

		is the sequence formed in the sense strand of a gene using a rho-independent terminator.
		is the sequence recognized by the rho protein.
		is the structure formed in RNA that causes rho-independent termination.
		is formed immediately after the open promoter complex is formed.

1 points

QUESTION 6

RNA polymerase:

		reads the template strand of the DNA in the 3' to 5' direction.
		synthesizes the RNA in the 5' to 3' direction.
		can begin transcription without a primer.
		all of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 7

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

		Bacteria like E. coli have only one type of sigma factor.
		RNA polymerase has no proofreading activity.
		The promoter of a gene is upstream of the RNA-coding region.
		Bacterial transcriptional terminators are copied into RNA to cause termination.

1 points

QUESTION 8

If the template strand of a gene has the sequence 5' ATGCGAT 3', then:

		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' AUGCGAU 3'.
		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' UAGCGUA 3'.
		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' AUCGCAU 3'.
		None of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 9

The sense strand:

		is the lagging strand
		is also the template strand.
		always goes left to right.
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 10

Which of these is transcribed but not translated?

		mRNA
		tRNA
		rRNA
		all of the above
		tRNA and rRNA are transcribed but not translated.

please help i am a bit confused

1. A region of a chromosome contains two strands of DNA, yet only one is used to transcribe a gene because

A. all genes are found on the same strand of DNA in a chromosome.

B.both strands are transcribed, but only one strand of DNA contains a reading frame.

C.RNA polymerase binds to the terminator, stopping transcription on one strand of DNA.

D.RNA polymerase binds to the promoter, which precedes the gene only on the template strand of DNA.

E.the start of transcription is random along the chromosome and doesn't always occur on a gene.

2. In eukaryotes an mRNA molecule can only be translated by one ribosome at a time.

True or False

3.The process by which cells use the information of RNA molecules to make proteins is transcription.

True or False

BIOCHEM QUESTIONS:

Question 1) (1.5 points) True or false: The initial native DNA is usually in an overwound state, making the initial strand separation during replication energetically favorable, with continued strand separation at the replication fork resulting in underwound DNA that is then fixed by DNA gyrase.

Question 2) (1.5 points) True or false: UV based DNA damage largely causes dimerization of C and T bases that are fixed by the NER DNA repair pathway.

Question 3) (1.5 points) True or false: There is no enzyme within humans that has a reverse transcriptase activity.

Question 4) (1.5 points) True or false: One reason why uracil is not observed in DNA is that deamination of cytosine would result in Uracil and therefore potentially changing a GC base bp to an AT bp after a couple of rounds of replication.

Question #5: (1 point) Which of these statements is correct about the RNA polymerase? a) It makes tRNA, mRNA and rRNA b) It uses an RNA template c) It uses ATP, CTP, GTP and TTP d) It requires a primer

Question #6: (1 point) RNA polymerase grows the RNA chain in the 3â to 5â direction. a) True b) False

Question #7: (1 point) The mRNA is copied from the template strand. The mRNA has the exact same nucleotide sequence of the non-template strand except for U instead of T. a) True b) False

Question #8: (1 point) Only a limited portion of the DNA strand is copied by RNA polymerase, and there are initiation and termination signals for transcription. a) True b) False

Question #9: (1 point) The hairpin loop is the only way to conduct transcription termination in Prokaryotes. a) True b) False

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BIO 1140 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Titin, Intron, Guanine

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