BIO 1140 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Tata Box, Chromatin, Stem-Loop

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periwinklemuskrat478

27 Sep 2016

School

University of Ottawa

Department

Biology

Course

BIO 1140

Professor

Caroline Petit- Turcotte

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Document Summary

All of our cells will have a genome ad will be organized simply as in prokaryotes or in a slightly more complex manner in eukaryotes. Regardless the complexity of the genome, they all share the same kind of structure (a series of genes lines up one after the other) Question: before transcribing a gene to mrna, dna must first be replicated. Enzyme will unzip the two strands of dna and create a complementary strand of rna. This happens in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, just slightly different from each other. In eukaryotes, dna is transcribed to a pre-messenger rna, that will be matured into mrna, and then be transported out of the nucleus. The rna strand produced is elongated in the 5" to 3" direction. The rna polymerase ii reads the 3"-5" strand (the template strand) The mrna obtained is 5" to 3" In prokaryotes, dna is directly transcribed to mrna.

Related Questions

1. A region of a chromosome contains two strands of DNA, yet only one is used to transcribe a gene because

A. all genes are found on the same strand of DNA in a chromosome.

B.both strands are transcribed, but only one strand of DNA contains a reading frame.

C.RNA polymerase binds to the terminator, stopping transcription on one strand of DNA.

D.RNA polymerase binds to the promoter, which precedes the gene only on the template strand of DNA.

E.the start of transcription is random along the chromosome and doesn't always occur on a gene.

2. In eukaryotes an mRNA molecule can only be translated by one ribosome at a time.

True or False

3.The process by which cells use the information of RNA molecules to make proteins is transcription.

True or False

One strand of a section of DNA isolated from E. coli reads 5â -GTAGCCTACCCATAGG-3â A. Suppose that an mRNA were transcribed using the complement of this DNA strand as a template. What would the sequence of the mRNA in this region be? B. How many different peptides could potentially be made from this sequence of RNA? Would the same peptides be made if the other strand of DNA served as the template for transcription? C. What peptide would be made if translation started exactly at the 5/ end of the mRNA in Part A? When tRNAAla leaves the ribosome, what tRNA will be bound next? When the amino group of alanine forms a peptide bond, what bonds, if any, are broken, and what happens to tRNAAla?

Which type of RNA is unique to eukaryotes?

		mRNA
		rRNA
		tRNA
		snRNA
		Its a trick, all cells have all four types of RNA.

1 points

QUESTION 2

The region of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription is the:

		origin
		promoter
		enhancer
		none of the above are correct

1 points

QUESTION 3

Holoenzyme:

		is RNA polymerase core enzyme.
		is sigma factor.
		is core plus sigma factor.
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 4

Which of these is formed FIRST when RNA polymerase binds to a promoter?

		The closed promoter complex
		The open promoter complex
		A rho-independent terminator
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 5

A hairpin loop followed by a run of Us:

		is the sequence formed in the sense strand of a gene using a rho-independent terminator.
		is the sequence recognized by the rho protein.
		is the structure formed in RNA that causes rho-independent termination.
		is formed immediately after the open promoter complex is formed.

1 points

QUESTION 6

RNA polymerase:

		reads the template strand of the DNA in the 3' to 5' direction.
		synthesizes the RNA in the 5' to 3' direction.
		can begin transcription without a primer.
		all of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 7

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

		Bacteria like E. coli have only one type of sigma factor.
		RNA polymerase has no proofreading activity.
		The promoter of a gene is upstream of the RNA-coding region.
		Bacterial transcriptional terminators are copied into RNA to cause termination.

1 points

QUESTION 8

If the template strand of a gene has the sequence 5' ATGCGAT 3', then:

		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' AUGCGAU 3'.
		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' UAGCGUA 3'.
		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' AUCGCAU 3'.
		None of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 9

The sense strand:

		is the lagging strand
		is also the template strand.
		always goes left to right.
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 10

Which of these is transcribed but not translated?

		mRNA
		tRNA
		rRNA
		all of the above
		tRNA and rRNA are transcribed but not translated.

please help i am a bit confused

BIO 1140 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Tata Box, Chromatin, Stem-Loop

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