SOCI 1002H Lecture 3: SOCI 1002 Lecture 3
14 Jun 2018
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Lecture 3
Ch.2 Who am I, and Who Will I Become?
Sociological Analysis of Gender: Making ‘Normal’
• Normal is relative
• Female (inferiority) devised by male experts
• Project or work of identity making and selfhood: girls ‘make’ choices about sexuality and
gender roles
• Ex. eugenics, WWII ads for soldiers to not get STIs
• If freedom and equality are key social values in Western society, how do we explain:
• Gender pay ratio
• Women make similar hourly but around 75% on annual salaried jobs
• Children, kind of work
• Reason 1:
• Biology determines our gender roles
• Women as nurturers; men as leaders
• Society best organized in gendered spheres
• Division of labour between men and women is natural and
not imposed
• But why is nurturing work poorly paid?
• Reason 2:
• Sex-class system of male power
• Sustained through law and culture: sexual violence,
pornography, domestic violence
• Class structure: unpaid/underpaid work of domestic care
• Male breadwinner wage and female economic
dependence on men
• Reason 3:
• Gendered socialization
• Boys and girls internalize gender role expectations
• Gendered occupations and relationships
• Socialization maintains inequality, but does not explain cause
Selfhood as gendered and sexualized:
• Social presence: predict interaction with others
• Displaying of performance of one’s identity
• Adolescence: emerging social identities
• How do girls experience their identity work?
Dramaturgical Analysis (Erving Goffman)
Key Words:
• Social presence
• Heterosexual matrix
• Hegemonic: ideas that become powerful and linked to politics and other major
social structures
• Selfhood
• Emphasized femininity
• Agency
• Structuration
• Reflexivity
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