PSYC2010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Mendelian Inheritance, Human Genome Project, Egg Cell
15 Mar 2017
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Outline for chapter 3: biological foundations, prenatal development, and birth: genetics and heredity. Gene expression (or patterns of genetic inheritance: dominant-recessive, codominance, polygenic inheritance, genetic imprinting. Gene abnormalities: autosomal (dom/rec) disorders, sex-linked disorders. Chromosomal abnormalities: autosomal chromosome disorders, sex chromosome disorders. Behavioural genetics: methods: selective breeding, family studies (kinship studies, twin studies, adoption studies, combined twin-adoption studies, prenatal period and birth. Mitosis = normal cell division (46 chromosomes) Meiosis = gamete division (23 chromosomes); later. 1 pair (23rd pair) sex chromosomes: female xx, male xy, meiosis: 223 = 8 million gametes/parent, conception: 8mil x 8mil = about 60 trillion possible genotypes. With crossing over and random sorting, # increases to 700 trillion possible genotypes. Autoso(cid:373)es: the 22 pairs of chro(cid:373)oso(cid:373)es that are(cid:374)"t sex chro(cid:373)oso(cid:373)es. Sex chromosomes: 23rd pair of chromosomes: determine sex, xx = female, xy = male. Chromosomes store and transmit genetic information. Genes segments of dna located along the chromosomes.
