BIOL 3530 Lecture 8: Chapter 6

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apricotcrocodile358

7 Oct 2016

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Chapter 6: morphogenesis: change in form in the. The rearrangement of cell layers bring about changes to the form of the developing embryo, primarily during gastrulation. (plants undergo cell division and cell expansion only. ) Rearrangement of cell layers is driven by mechanical forces. Cell adhesiveness (to each other and the extracellular matrix) and cell motility are key to morphogenesis. Cell surface proteins determine the specificity and strength of the adhesiveness while cytosketetal (internal) determine cell motility. These processes are controlled by spatio-temporal gene expression. Sorting out of dissociated cells demonstrates differences in cell adhesiveness in different tissues. Mixtures of early endoderm and early ectoderm blastula will separate. Mixtures of presumptive epidermis and presumptive neural plate cells will sort so that epidermal cells move to the outside and neural cells move to the interior. of an amphibian. Epithelial cells (l-cells) that do not adhere strongly nor express cadherins on their cell surface can be transfected with different cadherins (e-, p-, n-cadherin).

Related Questions

1) The studies in cell sorting and affinity demonstrated

A	the epidermis has a tighter affinity that the nueraltissue

B	the mesoderm is never capable of resorting as the outter layerof a re-sorted tissue

C	all of the above

D	mesoderm actually requires input from both the ectoderm andendoderm to "know" it's middle location

E	there is no mechanism in which cells known their properlocation identity within a developing embryo

2) The extracellular matrix

A	provides a structure for cells to crawl over

B	contains multiple signaling proteins to guide/repel cells sothey progress in the correct direction

C	interacts with the transmembrane proteins on the cells toproduce a response

D	all of the above

3) EMT is required

A	for mammary glad formation

B	for progression of cancer from single tumor to metastaticcancerous cells roaming throughout the body

C	for neural crest cell formation which provides the cells forinternal organs

D	all of the above

E	for the initiation of gastrulation in birds and mammals becausethey form as a disc and not a ball of cells

4) Permissive induction

A	allow for species to change their genetic fate due to thesignals recieved from surrounding tissue

B	describes regions of specificity hotspots within the developingembryo

C	describes when cells that no indication towards their fate dueto having the proper signalling/surroundings

D	none of the above

5) Classical Cadherins (those dependent on calcium for properfunction)

A	all have the same sequence identity (~98%) on the intracelluarside acroos multipe species

B	are all regulated by the same 3 catenin proteins to regulatestability and cytoskeletal regulation

C	Require calcium for a conformational change to present theirbinding site

D	are very specific to which other cadherin on the neighboringcell it is interested in binding to

E	all of the above

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BIOL 3530 Lecture 8: Chapter 6

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