BIOS 111 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Macrophage, Mycoplasma, Penicillin
Document Summary
Dna gyrase is responsible for folding up bacterial dna. Pharmacokinetics: time course for the appearance and disappearance of a drug in the blood. Bacteria are misshapen and unreliable in the death phase. Mode of action for sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim is folic acid biosynthesis. Paba: an acid that begins the synthesis of folic acid. Folic acid is needed for the bases of rna and dna. Sulfa drugs block enzymes that starve the bacteria from folic acid. Bacteria are more resistance in the stationary phase. We acquire folic acid in our diet. Detergents have a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic part so they disrupt membranes. Listeria can cross the blood brain barrier and placenta. Resistance is caused by bacteria blocking the entry, altering the target, effluxing, or inactivating the antibiotic. Autoclaves are tested every week in hospitals. Steam is better at killing bacteria than dry heat. Dry heat requires higher temperatures for much longer. Joseph lister used phenol for surgical wounds.
