NURS 505 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Mannitol, Sedation, Immunosuppressive Drug
Document Summary
Indications: high intraocular or intracranial pressure, renal failure. Mechanism: mechanism of action is to administer bolus, which expands circulation volume increasing cerebral blood flow, also increases osmotic vascular pressure drawing fluid from surrounding tissues. (decreases icp). Contraindications: known drug allergy, severe renal disease, pulmonary edema, and active intracranial bleeding. Less significant are headaches, chest pains, tachycardia, blurred vision, chills, and fever. Dose: given iv through a filter in case crystallization occurs. 1-2g/kg over 30-60 min followed by 0. 25-1g/kg infusion. Concentration and dosing may vary based on need. Indications: cerebral edema; used for strong anti-inflammatory effects, Mechanism: reduces capillary permeability (less leaky) inhibits inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandins. Adverse effects: may have strong immunosuppressant effects, cataracts, increased intraocular pressure. (multiple lesser effects as well). Dose: given iv for cerebral edema, gradually discontinued over approximately 1 week duration. Mechanism: prevents accumulation of inflammatory cells in joint spaces (slow onset of action0. Adverse effects: monitor blood cell and platelet counts.
