PSIO 532 Study Guide - Final Guide: Chyme, Pancreas, Pancreatic Duct
Graduate Physiology – GI Tract
Overview of the GI Hormones (Enteric Endocrine System)
Endocrine = secrete products (hormones)
directly into the blood
Exocrine = secrete its products (enzymes) into
ducts (or the lumen of the GI tract) that lead to
the target tissue
Acute pancreatitis = this can be lethal if
Hormones are important for the GI function
these hormones are not only made in the GI but
they also regulate the GI functions
Cholecystokinin (CCK) this hormone regulates
multiple organs; it causes the gall bladder to
contract; but its most important function is to
regulate exocrine pancreas acinar cells to
secrete digestive enzymes
oThere are CCK receptors in the brain, which means
there is probably neuronal regulation for this hormone as well
oThis hormone also regulates gastrointestinal motility
Secretin this hormone regulates a different part of the exocrine pancreas; acts on the
receptors of pancreatic duct cells: it stimulates the duct cells to regulate fluid secretion
and not enzyme secretion; enzyme secretion is important if you have pancreas
insufficiency (leads to not enough enzymes and the patient would have to take enzyme
supplements)
Both Cholecystokinin & Secretin are very important hormones for secretion function
In the stomach there is a very important hormone called Gastrin it is a regulator for
acid secretion
Insulin & Glucagon are very important it is made in the endocrine pancreas; it has
some GI effects; main function is to regulate glucose homeostasis
Main focus will be on the GI hormones (made in the GI and also primarily regulates GI
functions)
GLP hormones these are the targets of lot of drugs to treat diabetes; GLP primarily
promotes insulin functions
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Document Summary
Overview of the gi hormones (enteric endocrine system) Endocrine = secrete products (hormones) directly into the blood. Exocrine = secrete its products (enzymes) into ducts (or the lumen of the gi tract) that lead to the target tissue. Acute pancreatitis = this can be lethal if. Hormones are important for the gi function these hormones are not only made in the gi but they also regulate the gi functions. Cholecystokinin (cck) this hormone regulates multiple organs; it causes the gall bladder to contract; but its most important function is to exocrine pancreas regulate acinar cells to secrete digestive enzymes o. There are cck receptors in the brain, which means there is probably neuronal regulation for this hormone as well: this hormone also regulates gastrointestinal motility. Both cholecystokinin & secretin are very important hormones for secretion function. In the stomach there is a very important hormone called gastrin it is a regulator for acid secretion.
