CULTBLF 23 Final: 3-Final-Passages
18 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Final Passages
Chronology
●Death of Jesus: ca. 30 CE
●Letters of Paul: 50s CE
●Gospel of Mark: ca. 70 CE
●Gospels of Matthew and Luke: ca. 80-90 CE [Mk Mt Lk together known as the
synoptic gospels]
●Gospel of John: ca. 100 CE
●Epistle of Barnabas: ca. 130 CE
●Justin Martyr: ca. 160 CE
●Melito of Sardis: ca. 180 CE
●The Mishnah, including Mishnah Pesahim: ca. 200 CE
Less important
Important
Very important
Don’t understand
For Justin (chapter, line)
Template
Lecture 13: The Sabbath
Genesis 2:1-4
1The heaven and the earth were finished, and all their array. 2On the seventh day God
finished the work that He had been doing, and He ceased a on the seventh day from all the
work that He had done. 3And God blessed the seventh day and declared it holy, because
on it God ceased from all the work of creation that He had done. 4 Such is the story of
heaven and earth when they were created.
●Explanation for the Sabbath → God rested on the 7th day of creation = we
should rest on the 7th day to honor that
●Emphasis on the fact that Sabbath is holy
Exodus 20:8-11
8Remember the sabbath day and keep it holy. 9Six days you shall labor and do all your
work, 10but the seventh day is a sabbath of the LORD your God: you shall not do any
work—you, your son or daughter, your male or female slave, or your cattle, or the stranger
who is within your settlements.11For in six days the LORD made heaven and earth and sea,
and all that is in them, and He rested on the seventh day; therefore the LORD blessed the
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sabbath day and hallowed it.
●Again explanation for the Sabbath → God rested on the 7th day of creation =
we should rest on the 7th day to honor that
●Emphasis on the fact that Sabbath is holy
●God’s instruction to “not do any work” requires exegesis because unclear
what qualifies as “work”
Exodus 31:12-17
12And the LORD said to Moses: 13Speak to the Israelite people and say: Nevertheless, you
must keep My sabbaths, for this is a sign between Me and you throughout the ages, that
you may know that I the LORD have consecrated you. 14You shall keep the sabbath, for it is
holy for you. He who profanes it shall be put to death: whoever does work on it, that
person shall be cut off from among his kin. 15Six days may work be done, but on the seventh
day there shall be a sabbath of complete rest, holy to the LORD; whoever does work on the
sabbath day shall be put to death. 16The Israelite people shall keep the sabbath, observing
the sabbath throughout the ages as a covenant for all time:17it shall be a sign for all time
between Me and the people of Israel. For in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, and
on the seventh day He ceased from work and was refreshed.
●Again necessity for Sabbath explained by creation story
●Connections to circumcision
oSabbath for the Israelites
oSabbath is a sign (covenant) between God and Israelites
oSabbath serious → not following has consequences
Exodus 34:21
For six days you shall work, on the seventh you shall rest; whether in the plowing season or
the harvest, you are to rest.
●What “work” and “rest” mean are vague but connections to physical labor
Exodus 35:1-3
Moses then convoked the whole Israelite community and said to them:
1These are the things that the LORD has commanded you to do: 2On six days work may be
done, but on the seventh day you shall have a sabbath of complete rest, holy to the LORD;
whoever does any work on it shall be put to death. 3You shall kindle no fire
throughout your settlements on the sabbath day.
●Sabbath for the Israelites
●Not following Sabbath has consequences
●“Do no work” is a vague instruction so the specification to “kindle no fire” is
helpful to understanding what God expects on the 7th day
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Deuteronomy 5:12-15
12Observe the sabbath day and keep it holy, as the LORD your God has commanded
you. 13 Six days you shall labor and do all your work, 14 but the seventh day is a sabbath of
the LORD your God; you shall not do any work—you, your son or your daughter, your male
or female slave, your ox or your ass, or any of your cattle, or the stranger in your
settlements, so that your male and female slave may rest as you do. 15 Remember that you
were a slave in the land of Egypt and the LORD your God freed you from there with a
mighty hand and an outstretched arm; therefore the LORD your God has commanded
you to observe the sabbath day.
●Sabbath as a covenant or sign of respect/praising of God
●Talk of Exodus makes the Sabbath not universal but Israelite-specific
●This excerpt is a part of the listing of the ten commandments (the first and
only other listing of the commandments is in Exodus)
Isaiah 56:1-8
1Thus said the LORD: Observe what is right and do what is just;
For soon My salvation shall come,
And my deliverance be revealed.
2Happy is the man who does this,
The man who holds fast to it:
Who keeps the sabbath and does not profane it,
And stays his hand from doing any evil.
3Let not the foreigner say,
Who has attached himself to the LORD,
“The LORD will keep me apart from His people”;
And let not the eunuch say,
“I am a withered tree.”
4For thus said the LORD:
“As for the eunuchs who keep My sabbaths,
Who have chosen what I desire
And hold fast to My covenant—
5I will give them, in My House
And within My walls,
A monument and a name
Better than sons or daughters.
I will give them an everlasting name
Which shall not perish.
6As for the foreigners
Who attach themselves to the LORD,
To minister to Him,
And to love the name of the LORD,
To be His servants—
All who keep the sabbath and do not profane it,
And who hold fast to My covenant—
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find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
80-90 ce [mk mt lk together known as the synoptic gospels] 1the heaven and the earth were finished, and all their array. 2on the seventh day god finished the work that he had been doing, and he ceased a on the seventh day from all the work that he had done. 3and god blessed the seventh day and declared it holy, because on it god ceased from all the work of creation that he had done. 4 such is the story of heaven and earth when they were created. Explanation for the sabbath god rested on the 7th day of creation = we should rest on the 7th day to honor that. 8remember the sabbath day and keep it holy. Again explanation for the sabbath god rested on the 7th day of creation = we should rest on the 7th day to honor that. God"s instruction to not do any work requires exegesis because unclear what qualifies as work .
