BIO120H1 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Peptide, Start Codon, Transfer Rna
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BIO120H1 Full Course Notes
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Protein synthesis 2 steps: transcription: takes information encoded in dna and encodes it into mrna, which heads out of the cell"s nucleus and into the cytoplasm, translation: mrna works with a ribosome and trna to synthesize proteins. Step 1: partial unwinding of dna molecule so that the portion of dna that codes for the needed protein can be transcribed. The new strand of rna is made according to the rules of base pairing: dna cytosine pairs with rna guanine, dna guanine pairs with rna cytosine, dna thymine pairs with rna adenine, dna adenine pairs with rna uracil. ** don"t forget rna uses uracil in place of thymine. After transcription the new rna strand is released and the 2 unzipped dna strands bind together again to form the double helix. Dna template remains unchanged after transcription (can transcribe identical rna immediately after) Translation mrna is sent to cytoplasm and bonds to ribosomes (the sites of protein synthesis.