EDL1260 Study Guide - Final Guide: Social Constructivism
1. MORAL&DEVELOPMENT#
Morality#refers#to#a#general#set#of#standards#about#right#and#wrong.#Immoral#behaviours#or#
moral#transgressions#involve#actions#that#are#unfair,#cause#physical#harm,#or#violate#the#
rights#of#others.#It#is#sometimes#likened#to#an#‘internal#compass’#that#guides#our#choice#of#
behaviour.#(Heinz#dilemma,#Kohlberg’s#stages#of#moral#development)##
#
Influences)on)children’s)moral)development#
Children’s#personal#cognitive#growth,#experiences#in#the#social#world##
2#perspectives:#
• Personal#constructivist#(individual#moral#development)##
• Social#constructivist#(moral#development#within#the#social#context)##
#
Piaget’s)stages)of)moral)development#
• Children#younger#than#10:#rules#are#fixed#and#absolute,#handed#down#by#people#of#a#
higher#status,#moral#decisions#are#based#on#consequences#
• Children#older#than#11:#permissible#to#change#or#alter#rules,#rules#are#devices#that#
help#us#to#maintain#order,#moral#decisions#based#on#intentions#
#
Heteronomy:)Conformity#to#external#rules#that#are#simply#accepted#and#followed#without#
question.#
#
Autonomy:&Following#moral#rules#with#a#feeling#of#personal#necessity,#internal#convictions#
about#the#necessity#of#respect#for#people#in#relationships#with#others.#
#
Kohlberg’s)stages)of)moral)development#
Level#1:#Pre-conventional#morality;#right#and#wrong#determined#by#rewards#and#punishment#
# -#Stage#1:#punishment/obedience,#whatever#leads#to#punishment#is#wrong.#
# -#Stage#2:#rewards,#the#right#way#to#behave#is#the#way#that#is#rewarded.#
Level#2:#Conventional#morality;#views#of#others#matter,#avoidance#of#blame,#seeking#of#
approval#
# -#Stage#3:#good#intentions,#behaving#in#ways#that#conform#to#good#behaviour#
# -#Stage#4:#obedience#to#authority,#importance#of#doing#ones#duty#
Level#3:#Post#conventional#morality;#abstract#notions#of#justice,#rights#of#others#can#override#
obedience#to#laws/rules#
# -#Stage#5:#difference#between#moral#and#legal#right,#recognition#that#rules#
sometimes## # ###should#be#broken#
# -#Stage#6:#individual#principals#of#conscience,#takes#account#of#likely#views#of#
everyone## # ###affected#by#a#moral#decision#
#
Gilligans)stages)of)moral)development#
1. Survival#orientation:#egocentric#concerns#for#self,#lack#of#awareness#of#others#needs;#
‘right’#action#is#what#promotes#emotional#or#physical#survival#
2. Conventional#care:#lack#of#distinction#between#what#others#want#and#what#is#right;#
‘right’#action#is#whatever#pleases#others#best#
3. Integrated#care:#coordination#or#integration#of#needs#of#self#and#other,#right#action#
takes#account#of#self#as#well#as#others.##
#
Document Summary
Morality refers to a general set of standards about right and wrong. Immoral behaviours or moral transgressions involve actions that are unfair, cause physical harm, or violate the rights of others. It is sometimes likened to an internal compass" that guides our choice of behaviour. (heinz dilemma, kohlberg"s stages of moral development) Children"s personal cognitive growth, experiences in the social world. 2 perspectives: personal constructivist (individual moral development, social constructivist (moral development within the social context) Stage 1: punishment/obedience, whatever leads to punishment is wrong. Stage 2: rewards, the right way to behave is the way that is rewarded. Heteronomy: conformity to external rules that are simply accepted and followed without question. Autonomy: following moral rules with a feeling of personal necessity, internal convictions about the necessity of respect for people in relationships with others. Level 1: pre-conventional morality; right and wrong determined by rewards and punishment.
