shoaibbhutta556

1. Last month a manufacturing company's profit was GHS2,000, calculated using absorption costing principles. If marginal costing principles have been used, a loss of GHS3,000 would have occurred. The company's fixed production cost is GHS2 per unit. Sales last month were 10,000 units. What was last month's production (in units)?

A. 7,500

B. 9,500

C. 10,500

D. 12,500

what ethical dilemma is Chantale facing?

busin

- if l F l = q is finite prove that l GL_n (F) l < ((q)^n)^2.

What is biology?

1.  A geometric gradient that increases at g=6% per year for 15 years is shown in the accompanying diagram at fig (2). The annual interest rate is 12%. What is the present equivalent value of this gradient? 

FRQ # 3

Assume that the United States economy is currently operating below the full-employment level of real gross domestic product with a balanced budget

1. Using your knowledge of the AS/AD graph where would the current output and price level be?
   
   
2. The United States government increases spending on goods and services by $100 billion, which is financed by borrowing. How will the increase in government spending affect each of the following?
1. Cyclical unemployment 
2. The Natural Rate Of Unemployment
   
   
3.  If the marginal propensity to consume is equal to 0.75, calculate the maximum possible change in real gross domestic product that could result from the $100 billion increase in government spending.
   
   
4. Using a correctly labeled graph of the loanable funds market, what would be the  effect of the $100 billion increase in government spending on the real interest rate.
   
   
5.  Based on the real interest rate change in part (d), what is the effect on the long-run economic growth rate? Explain.
   
   
6. Now assume that instead of financing the $100 billion increase in government spending by borrowing, the United States government increases taxes by $100 billion. With this equal increase in government spending and taxes, will the real gross domestic product increase, decrease, or remain the same? Explain. 

FRQ # 2

Country Y is experiencing severe and unanticipated inflation.

1. Explain the effect of this inflation on each of the following.

1. A family With Savings in a Fixed-interest-rate time deposit account
2. A business repaying a long-term,fixed-interest-rate loan
   
   

1.  Identify one fiscal policy action that could be implemented to reduce inflation.
   
   
2. Identify an open-market operation that could be implemented to reduce inflation.
   
   
3. Suppose that Country Y continues to experience high inflation in the long run. Indicate the effect of this inflation on the nominal interest rate in Country Y.

Unit 5 Review FRQs - Long-run Consequences of Stabilization Policies

FRQ # 1

Janet Smith deposits $1,000 of her cash holdings in her checking account at First Federal Bank. The reserve requirement is 20 percent and the bank has no excess reserves.

1. What is the immediate effect of her deposit on the money supply? Explain why.
   
   
2. What is the maximum amount of money First Federal can initially loan out? Explain how you determined this amount.
   
   
3. What is the maximum amount of money the entire banking system can create? Explain how you determined this amount.
   
   
4. Give one reason why the money supply may not increase by the amount you identified in (c).

FRQ # 4 

1. Assume that the United States economy is currently in long-run equilibrium.

1. Assume that the government increases spending on national defense without raising taxes. 

1. How does the government action affect aggregate demand.
2. How will this government action affect the unemployment rate in the short run? Explain.

1. Assume that the economy adjusts to a new long-run equilibrium after the increase in government spending.

1. How will the short-run aggregate supply curve in the new long-run equilibrium compare with that in the initial long-run equilibrium in part (a) ? Explain. (both what happens to quantity and price level.
   
   

1. In order to finance the increase in government spending on national defense from part (b), the government borrows funds from the public. Explain the effect of the government’s borrowing on the real interest rate.
   
   
2. Given the change in the real interest rate in part (d), what is the impact on each of the following?

1.  Investment
2. Economic growth rate. Explain. 

What causes botulism

What causes tetanus

There are numerous potential factors that could cause a new company to prosper or fail, but only a few are generally typical. Consider the typical factors that influence a new business's success or failure. Find a company that has failed and one that has succeeded next. Do a good essay, in which you describe what led to the distinction between the two outcomes' successes and failures.

After the Civil War, the US started to industrialize quickly, and depending on who is writing about this time period, the so-called industrial titans or robber barons were in charge of this process. What were some of the prevalent theories (or, to use Hunt's term, ideologies) advanced to support the brand-new status quo? Do these concepts still exist today?

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FRQ # 3

A drop in credit card fees causes people to use credit cards more often for transactions and demand less money.

1. How will that affect the  nominal interest rate?.

1. Given the interest rate change in part (a), what will happen to bond prices in the short run?

1. Given the interest rate change in part (a), what will happen to the price level in the short run? Explain.

1. Identify an open-market operation the Federal Reserve could use to keep the nominal interest rate constant at the level that existed before the drop in credit card fees. Explain. 

FRQ # 2:

Assume the economy of Andersonland is in a long-run equilibrium with full employment. In the short run, nominal wages are fixed.

1. Assume that there is an increase in exports from Andersonland. Explain the effect of higher exports on the following in the short run:

1.  Real GDP
2. Price Level

1. Based on your answer in part (a), what is the impact of higher exports on real wages in the short run? Explain.
   
   
2.  As a result of the increase in exports, export-oriented industries in Andersonland increase expenditures on new container ships and equipment.

1. What component of aggregate demand will change? 
2. What is the impact on the long-run aggregate supply? Explain.

Consider the table below. It provides data in the spending on final goods, in billions of dollars, by consumers, businesses, and the government in equilibrium in a country with no international trade.Aggregate Variables Value (in billions of dollars) in the base year
Consumption spending $900
Investment spending $400
Government spending $200
Transfer payments $60
The marginal propensity to save is equal to 0.4 and there are no exports or imports,
(a) Calculate the real GDP in this country, Show your work
(b) Calculate the marginal propensity to consume Show your work.
(c) Suppose that the government increases spending from $200 billion to $300 billion
(i) Calculate the maximum change in real GDP. Show your work
(ii) Given the change in real GDP in part (c)(i), calculate the maximum level of the new equilibrium real GDP. Show your work
(d) Suppose that taxes decrease by $100 billion. Will the maximum change in real GDP be larger than, smaller than, or equal to the change in part (c)(i)? Explain.

If the 95% confidence interval of a sample with M = 25 and N = 10 is 20-30, what is the standard error of the mean?

When study has already been done, what is the goal of a power analysis?

For a given study, how do each of the following variables affect power?

a. Changing α from .05 to .01

INCREASE / DECREASE / NO CHANGE

b. Increasing the sample size

INCREASE / DECREASE / NO CHANGE

c. Increasing the effect size

INCREASE / DECREASE / NO CHANGE

d. Choosing a research hypothesis with a value closer to the null hypothesis

INCREASE / DECREASE / NO CHANGE

e. Changing from a one-tailed test to a two-tailed test

INCREASE / DECREASE / NO CHANGE

Which of the following pieces of information do you NOT need to calculate a confidence interval?

a. population mean (μ)

a.    b. sample mean (M)

b.    c. population standard deviation (σ)

c.     d. sample size (N)

let L be a double integral

L 3x^(2) dA ;(R) is bounded by y=0, y=6x+12, and y=3x^(3)

Question 2: 

Exchange rates and interest rates are important for macroeconomic decision making. 

1. How does an increase in Japan’s government budget deficit affect each of the following? 

1. The real interest rate in the short run in Japan. Explain. 
2. (Private domestic investment in plant and equipment in Japan 

1. Draw a correctly labeled graph of the foreign exchange market for the euro, and show the effect of the change in the real interest rate in Japan from part (a)(i) on each of the following. 

1. Supply of euros. Explain. 
2. Yen price of the euro 

1. To reverse the change in the yen price of the euro identified in part (b)(ii), should the European Central Bank buy or sell euros in the foreign exchange market? 

Question 1 

 The United States and South Korea are trading partners, and the United States has a zero current account balance. 

Assume now that the inflation rate in the United States decreases relative to the inflation rate in South Korea. 

1. Based on the decrease in the inflation rate in the United States, will United States exports to South Korea increase or decrease? 
2.  Based on the change in United States exports in part (a), answer each of the following. 

1. Will the United States current account balance remain at zero, be in surplus, or be in deficit? 
2. What will happen to real gross domestic product in the United States in the short run? Explain. 

1. The South Korean currency is the won. Draw a correctly labeled graph of the foreign exchange market for the United States dollar. Show the effect of the lower inflation rate in the United States on the won price per United States dollar. 

Question 3: 

 Assume that the United States economy is operating at full employment. 

1. Using a correctly labeled graph of the long-run aggregate supply, short-run aggregate supply, and aggregate demand, show each of the following. 
1. Current price level, labeled PL1 
2. Current output level, labeled Y1 
2. Assume that personal savings in the United States increase. Using a correctly labeled graph of the loanable funds market, show the impact of the increase in personal savings on the real interest rate. 
3. Based on the real interest rate change identified in part (b), 
1. will interest-sensitive expenditures increase, decrease, or remain unchanged? 
2. what will happen to the rate of economic growth? Explain. 
4. Assume that the real interest rate of the euro zone increases relative to the real interest rate of the United States. Draw a correctly labeled graph of the foreign exchange market for the euro and show the impact of the change in the real interest rate in the euro zone on each of the following. 

(i) Demand for the euro. Explain. 

(ii) Value of the euro relative to the United States dollar 

1.  Assume that the United States current account balance is zero. Based on the change in the value of the euro identified in part (d)(ii), will the United States current account balance now be in surplus, be in deficit, or remain at zero?

FRQ # 5

Inflation and expected inflation are important determinants of economic activity.

1. Thinking in terms of the Phillips curve how would you show the effect of an increase in the expected rate of inflation.
   
   
2. What is the effect of the increase in the expected rate of inflation on the long-run Phillips curve?
   
   
3. Given the increase in the expected rate of inflation from part (b),
1.  will the nominal interest rate on new loans increase, decrease, or remain unchanged? 
2. will the real interest rate on new loans increase, decrease, or remain unchanged?
   
   
4. Assume that the nominal interest rate is 8 percent. Borrowers and lenders expect the rate of inflation to be 3 percent, and the growth rate of real gross domestic product is 4 percent. Calculate the real interest rate.

FRQ # 4

The Federal Reserve can influence the supply of money

1. Assume that the Federal Reserve targets a lower federal funds rate. 
1. What open market operation can the Federal Reserve use to achieve the lower target? 
2. Given your answer to part (a)(i), what will happen to the price of government bonds?
   
   
2. Explain the effect of the open market operation from part (a)(i) on the nominal interest rate using your knowledge of the Money Market graph.
   
   
3. Assume that the Federal Reserve buys government bonds from commercial banks. Based only on this transaction, will the level of required reserves in the commercial banks increase, decrease, or remain the same? Explain.
4. Another monetary policy action involves changing the discount rate. Define the discount rate. 

We see by 

A. Ears 

B. Eyes 

C. Nose 

D. Nails

G and g are dominant and recessive alleles, respectively, for a gene. If a mating of a gg female with a Gg male resulted in offspring that all have the recessive phenotype, this would most likely be an example of

What constitutes a fraud, and is the withholding problem a fraud?

Consider the following study that is being planned:

·      μ = 95, σ = 4, predicted mean = 98, N = 30, α = .01, two-tailed test

a. Compute the effect size

b. Compute the power

c. If you wanted to plan a study with the conventional minimum power, what is the best variable to change in order to increase power?

Compute ??G xdS where G is the surface of that portion of the cylinder x2+z2=16 inside the cylinder x2+y2=16 in the first octant

Based on your answer to the previous question, give an example of a cutoff score that would be statistically significant for one type of test (Z or t) but not the other.

Is it possible to perform a statistical test if the data being analyzed violates one of the test's assumptions? Why or why not?

Other factors kept constant, is it easier to reject the null hypothesis in a Z-test of a sample mean or a single-sample t-test?

For a two-tailed test with α = 0.05, what are the cutoff t values for a t-distribution with df = 9?

For a two-tailed test with α = 0.05, what are the cutoff t values for a t-distribution with df = 30?

How does the t-distribution differ from the Normal distribution?

N2 (g) + H2 (g) ---> NH3 (g)

Is this a decomposition, combination, or combustion?