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13 Dec 2019

The primary body signal that causes us to take a breath is: a. anemia b. acidosis c. hypoxia d. alkalosis e. uremia

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Related questions

1. Chemoreceptors detect an elevation in plasmaCO2concentration. Which of the following is the most likelyresponse?
a. No change in the rate ofrespiration b. Decreasesin the rate of respiration
c. Increases in the rate ofrespiration d. Noneof the above

2. Increasing thoracic volume will most likely results in
a. Expiration b.Inspiration c. No change in gasmovement

3. A 16 year-old female presents to the ER with a panic attach. Sheis tachypneic (fast respiratory rate). The initial arterial bloodgas would most likely demonstrate
a. normal pH, normal H+ b. low pH, normalH+
c. low pH, highH+ d. high pH, highH+ e. high pH, lowH+

4. Which of the following is most correct for acid-basedisturbance?
a. Respiratory acidosis may results from defect in ventilation andperfusion
b. Compensatory mechanism for respiratory acidosis ishypoventilation
c. Respiratory alkalosis results from hypercapnea
d. Compensatory mechanism for respiratory alkalosis ishyperventilation

5. Which of the following statements is most correct for therespiratory system?
a. Compliance is inversely proportional to the amount of surfactanton the alveolar surface
b. Alveolar surface tension is proportional to the amount ofsurfactant
c. Compliance is proportional to the surface tension
d. Alveolar ventilation is equal to the tidal volume corrected fordead space times the breathing frequency
e. All of the above




Which of the following is a correct statement about malaria and/or sickle cell anemia?

A) Sickle cell mutations are caused by infection with the malaria parasite.

B) Being wild-type for both copies of HBB causes resistance to malaria.

C) Malaria infection can partially cure sickle cell anemia.

D) Malaria is an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium.

E) The parasite Plasmodium causes sickle cell anemia.

Case-1: Patient History

J.H. is a 12-year-old boy diagnosed several months ago with nephrosis following postinfectious glomerulonephritis secondary to an episode of pneumococcal pneumonia. He has been coming to the clinic to have his condition monitored and therapies adjusted as needed. At his latest clinic visit, a decrease in urine output, increasing lethargy, hyperventilation, and generalized edema are noted. Trace amounts of protein are detected in J.H.รขย€ย™s urine by dipstick. Blood is drawn for laboratory analysis, and the results are as follows:
pH = 7.36
PaCO2 = 33 mm Hg
PaO2 = 100 mm Hg
HCO3 รขย€ย“ = 18 mEq/L
Hct = 30%
Na+ = 130 mEq/L
K+ = 5.4 mEq/L
BUN = 58 mg/dl
creatinine = 3.9 mg/dl
albumin = 2.0 g/dl

Analyze this case study and answer the next four questions that follow.

Case-1: Question-4

How will J.H.รขย€ย™s therapy change if his condition has progressed from nephrosis to uremia? (select all that apply)

A) Restrictions on salt and potassium intake may be instituted.
B) Diuretics will be used as long as the kidney responds to them in order to reduce fluid volume excess.
C) In nephrosis, the patient is encouraged to consume a high-protein diet. In uremia a low-protein diet is recommended and precautions to avoid fluid volume overload are needed as urine output falls.
D) In uremia, the patient is encouraged to consume a high-protein diet. In nephrosis a low-protein diet is recommended and precautions to avoid fluid volume overload are needed as urine output falls.

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