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Biology
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13 Dec 2019

1. Which of the following plants groups has a dominant gametophyte stage?

A. Bryophytes

B. Bryophytes and Seedless vascular plants

C. Gymnosperms

D. Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

E. Angiosperms

Please showing your explaination for this question with answer.

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Beverley Smith
Beverley SmithLv2
17 Dec 2019
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Mosses and liverworts (the bryophytes) do

a. produce embryos.
b. have vascular tissue.
c. produce flowers.
d. produce seeds.
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Ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms all

a. produce flowers.
b. produce seeds.
c. produce cones
d. have vascular tissue.
e. have all of the traits listed above.

Which of the following was one of the earliest changes thatcontributed to the success of plants transitioning from aquatic toterrestrial ecosystems?
a. The ingestion of photosynthetic bacteria, enabling plants tophotosynthesize
b. The development of vessels to transport water
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d. Spores or zygotes encased in a tough coat to resist dryingout
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Is it B or D? I would assume D is the seed of a gymnosperm.According to the info below, that came after the evolution ofvessels to transport water.


Please explain your answer


http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/pciesiel/gly3150/plant.html


  • The oldest fossils reveal evolution of non-vascular plants bythe middle to late Ordovician Period (~450-440 m.y.a.) on the basisof fossil spores.
  • These first non-vascular, "amphibious" plants, were limitedprimarily to lowland, wet areas, of temperate to tropicallatitudes. Still most land areas were barren.
  • By some 420 m.y.a., seedless vascular plants evolved which werebigger and more diverse than their ancestors. These seedlessvascular plants required water for sperm to reach the eggs and werestill limited in their distribution to wet climates. These seedlessplants grew to tree size, reaching 10 or more meters by the lateDevonian (~370 m.y.a.). Lowland swampy environments had abundantseedless plants.
  • After the 1st land plants evolved (approximately 450 m.y.a.)they underwent rapid expansion and radiation with great forests byMiddle DevonianPeriod. (385 m.y.a.). Although these forests were limited in theirextent, vast quantities of organic material were deposited andpreserved in swampy environments. Through time and burial, thisorganic material was converted to coal, forming the firstsignificant coal deposits of Earth history.
  • At a similar time (late Devonian, ~375-360 m.y.a.), seedbearing gymnosperm plants (non-flowering) evolved. The developmentof the seed allowed plants to proliferate and spread to drier areasof continents. Gymnosperms became the dominant plant type between~290 to 145 m.y.a. and are still common today.
  • During the final days of the dinosaurs (Cretaceous), the finalchapter of plant evolution began. This was the evolution offlowering plants (angiosperms). During the Cretaceous Period,angiosperms began overcoming non-flowering plants as the dominantland plants. Since this time they have become the dominant landplants.

A. An _______________________ is the multi-celled structure containing eggs in Bryophytes and Lycopods.

B. A _______________________ is the flattened gametophyte generation of many Liverworts and all Hornworts that lacks stems or leaves and is anchored to the ground only by rhizoids.

C. A __________________________ is the multi-celled diploid organism (generation) found in all land plants, capable of doing meiotic cell divisions.

D. A _____________________________________ is the term for the vascular cylinder in the stems of lycopods that matures from outside to inside. (two word answer).

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