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13 Dec 2019

1) What is the enzymatic function of restriction enzymes?

A) To add new nucleotides to the growing strand of DNA.

B) To join nucleotides during replication.

C) To join nucleotides during transcription.

D) To cleave nucleic acids at specific sites.

E) To repair breaks in sugar-phosphate backbones

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Patrina SchowalterLv2
16 Dec 2019
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Related questions

Please help to check if the following DNA repair description is correct. if not, please help to correct. thanks!!

1. Base Excision Repair

DNA plycosylase comes in and removes deaminated C Uracil. AP endonuclease recognizes the missing tooth created by DNA glysosylase and it removes the sugar while phosphodiesterase removes phosphate group leaving DNA helix with single nucleotide gap. DNA polymerase add new nucleotide and DNA ligase seals the nick

2. Nucleotide Excision Repair

NER uses to remove large mutation. Excision nuclease comes in and cut the pyrimidine primers in a big chunk. DNA helicase removes the big chunk. DNA polymeraze synthesize nucleotides and DNA ligase seals the nick.

3. Nonhomologous end joining

The overhangs ends is recognized by Ku heterodimers and they attach to the broken chromosomes end. Additional proteins attach and join covalently. Overhangs are then digested and ligase seals the nicks

4. The repair involves sister chromatids. One of the sister chromatids has double strand breaks. Exonuclease activity degrades the 5รขย€ย™ end. The strand invasion begins by crossing over. The single strand interacts with healthy strand on sister chromatid DNA molecule. DNA polymerase synthesize missing nucleotides and ligase seals the nicks

The following sentences summarize the process of DNAreplication. Fill in the missing terms to complete thesentences.

a. The enzyme _________ removes the tension by unwinding thedouble helix.

b. The enzyme _________ breaks the hydrogen bonds between thetwo DNA strands, resulting in an unzipped helix that terminates atthe _________________.

c. ________________ attach themselves to the individual DNAstrands to prevent them from reforming hydrogen bonds.

d. The enzyme ___________ lays down RNA nucleotides that will beused by ____________ as a starting point to begin synthesis of thenew DNA strand.

e. Using the template strand as a guide, __________________ addsDNA nucleotides to the 3' end of the growing strand.

f. Replication can proceed continuously with the ___________strand while the ___________ strand must be made in discontinuoussegments called _____________.

g. _______________ removes the RNA nucleotides and replaces themwith DNA nucleotides. _______________ joins the segments togetherby forming a _________________ bond between the nucleotides on theends of the segments.

h. _________________ and ______________ proofread the newlyformed strand and remove and replace any incorrectly pairednucleotides.

An individual inherits two defective copies of the MLH1 gene, a protein involved in mismatch repair of DNA during its replication. What do you predict will be the consequences of deficient mismatch repair upon DNA replication?

a. The fidelity of DNA polymerase activity will be decreased.

b. Mismatched nucleotides will no longer be detected by the replication complex.

c. Ligase will not be able to repair nicks in the DNA.

d. There will be a higher frequency of nucleotides damaged by external agents.

e. A higher frequency of mutations will become fixed in the newly synthesized strand.

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