Carbonic anhydrase is an enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of carbon dioxide and water to bicarbonate and a proton:
CO2 + H2O ? HCO3- + H+
This enzyme is necessary for the reaction shown above to occur rapidly enough for normal kidney function. Which of the following might you expect to occur if we inhibited the carbonic anhydrase present in renal tubular cells?
increased excretion of protons into the lumen of the renal tubule
respiratory alkalosis
metabolic acidosis
Carbonic anhydrase is an enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of carbon dioxide and water to bicarbonate and a proton:
CO2 + H2O ? HCO3- + H+
This enzyme is necessary for the reaction shown above to occur rapidly enough for normal kidney function. Which of the following might you expect to occur if we inhibited the carbonic anhydrase present in renal tubular cells?
increased excretion of protons into the lumen of the renal tubule
respiratory alkalosis
metabolic acidosis
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3. Ms. X is a 35 year old school teacher who suffers from acid indigestion and self-medicates by drinking baking soda dissolved in water.
Which acid-base disorder would you expect to develop in this client?
A. Respiratory Acidosis
B. Respiratory Alkalosis
C. Metabolic Alkalosis
D. Metabolic Acidosis
4. Ms. X is a 35 year old school teacher who suffers from acid indigestion and self-medicates by drinking baking soda dissolved in water.
What effect does metabolic acidosis have on respiratory rate?
| a. | decrease | |
| b. | increase | |
| c. | both increase and decrease | |
| d. | none of the above |
5. When comparing systemic capillaries to pulmonary capillaries, which of the following statements is true?
| a. | The hydrostatic pressure at the arteriolar end of the systemic capillary is higher that the hydrostatic pressure at the arteriolar end of the pulmonary capillaries. | |
| b. | The hydrostatic pressure at the VENULAR end of the systemic capillary is LOWER than the hydrostatic pressure at the VENULAR end of the pulmonary capillaries. | |
| c. | The OSMOTIC pressure at the VENULAR end of the systemic capillary is LOWER than the osmotic pressure at the VENULAR end of the pulmonary capillaries. | |
| d. | None of the above |
6. The osmotic pressure within a capillary is an absorptive force. The osmotic pressure develops as a result of which of the following?
| a. | carbohydrates | |
| b. | lipids | |
| c. | proteins | |
| d. | nucleic acids |
7. Which of the following organs synthesizes albumin?
| a. | kidney | |
| b. | liver | |
| c. | spleen | |
| d. | heart |
8. Ascites is due to which of the following?
| a. | liver dysfunction | |
| b. | reduced plasma albumin levels | |
| c. | excessive loss of fluid from to capillary into the interstitial space | |
| d. | all of the above |
9. Which of the following diseases is associated with ascites?
| a. | alcoholism | |
| b. | MALNUTRITION | |
| c. | both a and b | |
| d. | none of the above |
10. Which of the following tteatments isused to resolve ascites caused by alcoholic liver dicrease
| A. | paracentesis | |
| B. | liver transplant | |
| C. | CESSATION OF ALCOHO; COMSUMPTION | |
| D. | all of the above |
QUESTION 11:
| At pH 7.4, some of the H2CO3 produced from a reaction catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase immediately dissociates into A. H+, CO2 B. H+, HCO3- C. OH-, CO2 D. OH-, HCO3- |
| a. | . | |
| b. | . | |
| c. | . | |
| d. | . |
12. The pH of the patientâs blood is 7.7. The patient is alkalotic and her ratio of bicarbonate to carbonic acid is
A. 10 to 1
B. 20 to 1
C. 30 to 1
D. 40 to 1
E. 50 to 1
13. THE NORMAL VALUE FOR THE BICARBONATE ION IS WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING?
| a. | 240 mEq/l | |
| b. | 24 mEq/L | |
| c. | 40 mEq/L | |
| d. | none of the above |
