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1- What are the concentration gradients for Na+ and K+?
2- Explain why a positive Veq for a cation means an inward driving force and a negative value means an outward driving force?

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17 Dec 2019
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Related questions

Please complete all parts and explain the following.

Why the right answer is correct

Why the incorrect answer is incorrect

To do this you will need to use your physiological definitions and reasoning, and structure and function relationships. See example if you are unsure about this process.

1. Consider a typical cell at its resting membrane potential (rest Vm). The membrane temporarily becomes more permeable to Na+. Ena = +55mV, resting Vm = -60mV Does a chemical force exist, if so in what direction? a. Yes, inward b. Yes, outward c. No, a chemical force does not exist Does an electrical force exist, if so in what direction? a. Yes, inward b. Yes, outward c. No, an electrical force does not exist What direction will the ion flow? a. Inward b. Outward c. Cannot state from the given information Would you expect the sodium equilibrium potential (Ex) to change? a. No. b. Yes, become more negative c. Yes, become more positive Would you expect the membrane potential (Vm) to change, if so how? a. No. b. Yes, become more negative. c. Yes, become less positive d. Yes, become less negative Would you expect the membrane to depolarize, repolarize, hyperpolarize, or no change? a. No change b. Depolarize c. Hyperpolarize d. Repolarize

1. Which one of the following cannot be transported into a typical mammalian cell by facilitated transport even though its import might be thermodynamically favored?

A. Na+
B. Ca2+
C. Fe3+
D. H2O

E. C6H12O6

2. What do uniporters and ion channels have in common?

A. Both facilitate transport of molecules down concentration gradients.
B. Both are gated.
C. Both undergo transformations between inward-facing and outward-facing conformations during each transport cycle.
D. Both facilitate transport of molecules against concentration gradients.
E. Both transport molecules at comparable rates.

3. What specifically defines a cotransporter as an antiporter?

A. Both molecules are imported into the cell.
B. Both molecules are exported out of the cell.
C. Both molecules move down their concentration gradients.
D. One molecule is transported against its concentration gradient & the other is transported down its concentration gradient.
E. One molecule is imported and the other molecule is exported.

4. True or False: Transport directed by uniporters is reversible and the direction of of transport will change if the direction of the concentration gradient changes.

True
False

What are the concentration gradients of K, Na, and Ca2+? Whichdirections do these ions flow and how does this determine theirEion values? Why are some Eions negative and others positivevalues?

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