1. For each of the following sentences, fill in the blanks with the correct word or phrase from the list below. You may use a term more than once in this section.
Plasma membrane proteins are synthesized in the ___.
Proteins are transported into the Golgi apparatus via ___.
Nuclear proteins are synthesized in the___. Acid hydrolase enzymes are taken to the ____
after they are synthesized. All proteins being transported out of the cell pass through the
___ and___. Transport vesicles link organelles of the___.
a. transport vesicles b. Golgi apparatus c. ribosomes
d. rough ER e. endomembrane system f. lysosomes
g. cytoplasm
2. Which type of membrane-bound organelle would be abundant in a eukaryotic cell that is specialized in the secretion of a protein hormone? 3 pts
Which type of membrane-bound organelle would be abundant in a eukaryotic cell that is specialized in the storage of triglycerides?
Describe the functions of those organelles in your answers.
3. For each alternative ending to the following sentence, indicate why the ending is false:
âProteins destined to enter the rough endoplasmic reticulum _______â
a. are transported into the ER after their synthesis is complete.
b. are synthesized on free ribosomes in the cytosol.
c. cross the membrane in a folded state.
d. must be proteins that will be secreted from the cell.
4. Although prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes are similar, cytoplasmic eukaryotic ribosomes are larger and have more components. Prokaryotic ribosomes are affected by substances that do not affect eukaryotic ribosomes. These facts are important to microbiologists creating drugs to target bacterial pathogens. An example is seen in the use of erythromycin which inhibits protein synthesis by prokaryotic ribosomes but doesnât affect cytoplasmic eukaryotic ribosomes. Erythromycin kills bacteria but does not affect humans or other animals. Which of the following would be expected and would support the endosymbiont hypothesis? 1 pt
a. Mitochondria and chloroplasts will not have ribosomes.
b. Prokaryotic ribosomes and eukaryotic ribosomes will be more similar to each other than they are to the ribosomes in mitochondria or chloroplasts.
c. The ribosomes in chloroplasts will be sensitive to erythromycin.
d. Mitochondrial ribosomes will be larger than prokaryotic ribosomes.
1. For each of the following sentences, fill in the blanks with the correct word or phrase from the list below. You may use a term more than once in this section.
Plasma membrane proteins are synthesized in the ___.
Proteins are transported into the Golgi apparatus via ___.
Nuclear proteins are synthesized in the___. Acid hydrolase enzymes are taken to the ____
after they are synthesized. All proteins being transported out of the cell pass through the
___ and___. Transport vesicles link organelles of the___.
a. transport vesicles b. Golgi apparatus c. ribosomes
d. rough ER e. endomembrane system f. lysosomes
g. cytoplasm
2. Which type of membrane-bound organelle would be abundant in a eukaryotic cell that is specialized in the secretion of a protein hormone? 3 pts
Which type of membrane-bound organelle would be abundant in a eukaryotic cell that is specialized in the storage of triglycerides?
Describe the functions of those organelles in your answers.
3. For each alternative ending to the following sentence, indicate why the ending is false:
âProteins destined to enter the rough endoplasmic reticulum _______â
a. are transported into the ER after their synthesis is complete.
b. are synthesized on free ribosomes in the cytosol.
c. cross the membrane in a folded state.
d. must be proteins that will be secreted from the cell.
4. Although prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes are similar, cytoplasmic eukaryotic ribosomes are larger and have more components. Prokaryotic ribosomes are affected by substances that do not affect eukaryotic ribosomes. These facts are important to microbiologists creating drugs to target bacterial pathogens. An example is seen in the use of erythromycin which inhibits protein synthesis by prokaryotic ribosomes but doesnât affect cytoplasmic eukaryotic ribosomes. Erythromycin kills bacteria but does not affect humans or other animals. Which of the following would be expected and would support the endosymbiont hypothesis? 1 pt
a. Mitochondria and chloroplasts will not have ribosomes.
b. Prokaryotic ribosomes and eukaryotic ribosomes will be more similar to each other than they are to the ribosomes in mitochondria or chloroplasts.
c. The ribosomes in chloroplasts will be sensitive to erythromycin.
d. Mitochondrial ribosomes will be larger than prokaryotic ribosomes.
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