Question

1. Imagine hypothetically that the gender of a reptile iscontrolled by a single gene with two alleles, designated Aand a. The outcome of this trait is affected by thetemperature of the environment. When raised in a coolerenvironment, the dominant A allele confers maleness, andthe a allele confers femaleness. However, when raised in awarmer environment, the homozygote aa animal is male. If aheterozygous individual is crossed to a female reptile, what arethe proportions of offspring that are male and female when raisedin a cool environment? How do the proportions change if theoffspring are raised in a warm environment?

2. In the laboratory, a genetics student crossed flies withnormal long wings to flies with mutant short wings, which thestudent believed to be a recessive trait. In the F1 generation, allflies had long wings. In the F2 generation, the following resultswere obtained:

792 long-winged flies and 208 short-winged flies

Is this gene behaving according to standard Mendelian genetics?What do the data suggest about the short-winged mutation?