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21 Oct 2018

please explain how you think a polymerase might have come into existence? Then explain how you think the first polymerase would have been transcribed (and then translated) if there was not yet a polymerase in existence to do the transcribing?

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Related questions

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A. Has a warty appearance _________________

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C. Lives in yellowstone hotsprings ________________________

D. Has a membrane-enclosed nucleus ________________________

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The PCR (polymerase chain reaction) protocol that is currently used in laboratories was facilitated by the discovery of a bacterium called Thermus aquaticus in a hot spring inside Yellowstone National Park, in Wyoming. This organism contains a heat-stable form of DNA polymerase known as Taq polymerase, which continues to function even after it has been heated to 95°C. Why would such a heat-stable polymerase be beneficial in PCR?

What would happen if it weren’t heat stable?

How might you choose a region of DNA for a PCR primer so as to increase the temperature necessary for primer annealing (to minimize nonspecific PCR products)?

A PCR reaction begins with 5 double stranded segment of DNA. Estimate the number of double-stranded copies of DNA that are present after the completion of 15 amplification cycles?

Which type of RNA is unique to eukaryotes?

mRNA

rRNA

tRNA

snRNA

Its a trick, all cells have all four types of RNA.

1 points

QUESTION 2

The region of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription is the:

origin

promoter

enhancer

none of the above are correct

1 points

QUESTION 3

Holoenzyme:

is RNA polymerase core enzyme.

is sigma factor.

is core plus sigma factor.

none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 4

Which of these is formed FIRST when RNA polymerase binds to a promoter?

The closed promoter complex

The open promoter complex

A rho-independent terminator

none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 5

A hairpin loop followed by a run of Us:

is the sequence formed in the sense strand of a gene using a rho-independent terminator.

is the sequence recognized by the rho protein.

is the structure formed in RNA that causes rho-independent termination.

is formed immediately after the open promoter complex is formed.

1 points

QUESTION 6

RNA polymerase:

reads the template strand of the DNA in the 3' to 5' direction.

synthesizes the RNA in the 5' to 3' direction.

can begin transcription without a primer.

all of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 7

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Bacteria like E. coli have only one type of sigma factor.

RNA polymerase has no proofreading activity.

The promoter of a gene is upstream of the RNA-coding region.

Bacterial transcriptional terminators are copied into RNA to cause termination.

1 points

QUESTION 8

If the template strand of a gene has the sequence 5' ATGCGAT 3', then:

the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' AUGCGAU 3'.

the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' UAGCGUA 3'.

the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' AUCGCAU 3'.

None of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 9

The sense strand:

is the lagging strand

is also the template strand.

always goes left to right.

none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 10

Which of these is transcribed but not translated?

mRNA

tRNA

rRNA

all of the above

tRNA and rRNA are transcribed but not translated.

please help i am a bit confused

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