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On your trip to Marsyou have discovered Martian pea plants. You have brought severalvarieties of the pea plants back with you to Earth. You haveclassified the different varieties according to the flavors of thepeas, which are very unique in comparison to our Earthly peas.There is a variety that has a nice chocolate flavor , but a verysour aftertaste and a variety that has a nice cherry flavor with asweet aftertaste. You want to determine the genetic characteristicsof there Martian varieties in hopes of making and marketing newvarieties of peas on Earth. In your initial genetic crosses, youcan discover that the cherry flavor is dominant to the chocolateflavor and sour aftertaste is dominant to the sweet aftertaste.

a. What are thepossible genotypes of the chocolate, sour peas?

b. What are thepossible genotypes of the cherry, sweet peas?

c. You have atrue-breeding sour, chocolate pea plant and a true-breeding sweet,cherry pea plant. What would you do to generate a true-breedingplant that produced sweet, chocolate peas? (Hint, what would thegenotypes of your parental plants be? How many generations wouldyou have to cross? Draw the Punnett square for the final cross.What would the final genotype you desire be? What portion of youroffspring from the final cross will have the desired genotype?)

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Hubert Koch
Hubert KochLv2
28 Sep 2019

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Related questions

You recently discovered a new variety of sweetpea plants in the area surrounding Chernobyl that cannot be crossedwith the sweet pea plants used in Mendel's experiments. Youidentify several pure breeding strains with characteristics thatare similar to those described by Mendel. You found that round (R)was dominant over wrinkled (r) for pea shape and yellow (Y) wasdominant over green (y) for pea colour in monohybridcrosses.


(a) show the expected outcome of a dihybridcross starting with pure breeding plants with round yellow peas andpure-breeding wrinkled green peas. Include all phenotypes and thecorresponding genotypes for parental, F1 and F2 generations. Alsoinclude the expected phenotypic ratios for the F2 generation.Surprisingly, when you performed this cross, you notice someinteresting differences from Mendel's experiments. Although all F1progeny had round yellow peas, the F1 self cross resulted in farfewer round green and wrinkled yellow peas than expected. Beingvery clever, you hypothesize that these loci may be linked in thisvariety of pea and you performed a testcross between F1 plants anddouble homozygous plants with wrinkled green peas. You obtained thefollowing progeny: 445 Round yellow, 48 round green, 52 wrinkledyellow and 455 wrinkled green. (b) Identify the parental andrecombinant classes from the test cross (2 marks). (c) Estimate therecombination frequency using these data, and show your work. (d)Indicate the distance between loci in map units, and show yourwork. (e) Using the recombination frequency you calculated in (c),predict the phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation in the dihybridcross in (a)

You have recentlydiscovered two unique varieties of corn. One of the new varietieshas a kernel that can be used to make tortillas with a naturalsmoky, spicy flavor that are pink color. The other variety makesblue tortillas with a strong onion flavor. You decide if you cancreate a new variety of corn that has a naturally blue color with asmoky, spicy flavor, you can conquer the tortilla chip industry andmarket your "No salsa necessary" tortilla chips! You start by doinga test cross to determine which flavor and color is dominant. Whenyou cross a true breeding spicy, pink corn plant with a truebreeding onion-flavored blue corn plant, you get all onionflavored, pink kernels.

a. What are all thepossible genotypes of your spicy, pink corn plant?

b. What areall thepossible genotypes of your onion-flavored blue corn plant?

c. You cross thetrue-breeding parents and generate a F1 generation.

What are the possiblephenotypes of the F1 generation?

What are the possiblegenotypes of the F1 generation?

d. You cross two ofthe F1 hybrid plants to generate an F2 generation of plants.

i. What percentage ofplants will be onion-flavored, blue corn plants?

ii. What percentage ofplants will be spicy, pink corn plants?

iii. What percentageof plants will be spicy, blue corn plants?

iv. What percentage ofplants will be onion-flavored, pink corn plants?

1. A true breeding tall pea line is crossed with atrue breeding short line. The F1 plants are all short. The F1 arecrossed with themselves to produce an F2. If the difference (tallvs. short) is due to a single locus, what proportion of the F2individuals do you expect to be tall?

2. Imagine that a researcher crossed the peas in theexample above, and counted 100 F2. 86 were short. 14 were tall. Doa chisquare test to see whether the results conform to a singlelocus cross with the allele coding for short plants dominant to theallele coding for tall plants.

3. A clematis from a true-breeding line with whiteflowers and short corollas (line A) is crossed to a clematis from atrue-breeding line with deep red flowers and long corollas (lineB). The resulting offspring, the F1, are all pink-flowered, withcorollas of medium length. An individual from the F1 iscrossed to an individual from line A. The resulting F2 offspringare as follows: 25% white flowers and short corollas, 25% whiteflowers with medium corollas, 25% pink flowers with short corollas,25% pink flowers with medium corollas.
What is the most likely genetic mechanism determining flower colorand corolla length? If a plant from the F1 listed above were selfed(crossed with itself), what proportion of the F2 offspring wouldyou expect to be white flowered with short corollas?

4. A man and a woman walk into a genetic counselor’soffice. They have just had a child diagnosed with situs inversus, acomplete transposition of the internal organs from left to right,and vice versus. This condition usually produces no obvioussymptoms. It is caused by an autosomal recessive allele. What isthe chance that their next child will have the same condition? Whatmight this suggest about the parents?
Another man and woman walk into the same office. The father is anachondroplasic dwarf. The mother is of normal stature. (Look upachondroplasia, it is a lethal dominant). What is the chance thattheir first child will be a dwarf?

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