What is the expected frequency of the restriction site 5'-GGCC-3' in a genome?
A Once every 4 nucleotides
B Once every 16 nucleotides
C Once every 64 nucleotides
D Once every 128 nucleotides
E Once every 256 nucleotides
BamHI cuts the sequence 5'-G|GATCC 3-'. Which of the following sequences would not be recognized by this enzyme?
A 5'-AGGATCCGTA-3'
B 3'-CCTAGGATC-5'
C 5'-AGCGGATCC-3'
D 3'-TCTTAAG-5'
E 3'-TCCATGGG-5'
What is the expected frequency of the restriction site 5'-GGCC-3' in a genome?
| A | Once every 4 nucleotides | |
| B | Once every 16 nucleotides | |
| C | Once every 64 nucleotides | |
| D | Once every 128 nucleotides | |
| E | Once every 256 nucleotides |
BamHI cuts the sequence 5'-G|GATCC 3-'. Which of the following sequences would not be recognized by this enzyme?
| A | 5'-AGGATCCGTA-3' | |
| B | 3'-CCTAGGATC-5' | |
| C | 5'-AGCGGATCC-3' | |
| D | 3'-TCTTAAG-5' | |
| E | 3'-TCCATGGG-5' |
Related textbook solutions
Related questions
We have four DNA sequences that we need to digest (cut up), and have 6 restriction enzymes in stock in our lab. We want to find out which restriction enzyme we can use on each sample.
For each sequence, please indicate which restriction enzyme(s) would cut within each sequence. Each sequence may be cut by one, more than one, or no restriction enzymes.
Following the sequences are two questions. Please choose from the same list of enzymes to indicate the correct answer to these questions.
| Restriction enzyme | Digestion pattern |
| EcoRI | 5' G|AATTC 3' 3' CTTAA|G 5' |
| HindIII | 5' A|AGCTT 3' 3' TTCGA|A 5' |
| BamHI | 5' G|GATCC 3' 3' CCTAG|G 5 |
| AluI | 5' AG|CT 3' 3' TC|GA 5' |
| SmaI | 5' CCC|GGG 3' 3' GGG|CCC 5' |
| HbaI | 5' GCG|C 3' 3' C|GCG 5' |
(The | symbol indicates the specific cut sites.)
Each answer may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
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1. Characters that show a continuous range of variation, such as height and eye color, usually are controlled:
| a. | by a single gene with two alleles that are codominant. |
| b. | by many genes with an additive effect. |
| c. | by epistatic interactions between two genes. |
| d. | mainly by the environment, with only a small genetic component. |
2. In humans, red-green colorblindness is inherited as a sex-linked recessive trait. In order for a woman to be red-green colorblind, which of the following statements must be true.
| a. | Her mother must be red-green colorblind. |
| b. | All of her brothers must be red-green colorblind. |
| c. | Her father must be red-green colorblind. |
| d. | All of the above statements must be true if a woman is red-green colorblind. |
3. The x-ray crystallography data collected by Rosalind Franklin suggested to Watson and Crick that the:
| a. | structure of DNA is a double helix. |
| b. | two strands of the DNA molecule are joined by hydrogen bonds between the bases. |
| c. | four bases within DNA pair in a specific way. |
| d. | two strands of the DNA molecule are joined by covalent bonds between the bases. |
4. In the genetic code, _________ one amino acid.
| a. | one nucleotide specifies |
| b. | two nucleotides specify |
| c. | three nucleotides specify |
| d. | four nucleotides specify |
5. During Meiosis I, a homologous pair of chromosomes may not separate, resulting in daughter cells that have extra chromosomes or are missing chromosomes. This can lead to genetic disorders, including Down Syndrome. This phenomenon is called:
| a. | independent assortment. |
| b. | nondisjunction. |
| c. | segregation. |
| d. | crossing over. |
6. You are a human geneticist studying the incidence of retinitis pigmentosa in the residents of Tristan de Cunha, a group of small islands in the middle of the southern Atlantic Ocean. The allele for retinitis pigmentosa, which causes a form of blindness, is inherited as an autosomal recessive. You have determined that the frequency of this allele (r) in the population is 0.4 (40%). Using the principles of the Hardy-Weinberg rule, you would estimate the frequency of individuals who are heterozygous for this allele (Rr) in the population to be:
| a. | 0.16 (16%) |
| b. | 0.24 (24%) |
| c. | 0.36 (36%) |
| d. | 0.48 (48%) |
7. Natural selection acts at the level of the:
| a. | phenotype. |
| b. | gene. |
| c. | population. |
| d. | nucleotide. |
8. You are working with pea plants, trying to recreate the experiments that Mendel performed. You are doing a dihybrid cross with a plant that is heterozygous for both seed shape and seed color, with the genotype RrYy. Which allelic combinations would you expect to find in the gametes produced by this plant?
| a. | This plant would produce only RY and ry gametes. |
| b. | This plant would produce only RrYy gametes. |
| c. | This plant would produce RY, Ry, rY, and ry gametes. |
| d. | You cannot determine which gametes this plant can produce without knowing the genotypes of its parents. |
9. Biochemist Erwin Chargaff found that in DNA there is a special relationship between the four bases that we now call Chargaff's rule. His observation was that, in an organism's genome the:
| a. | percentage of A nucleotides = the percentage of T nucleotides, and the percentage of C nucleotides = the percentage of G nucleotides. |
| b. | four bases all occur in an equal frequency (25%) within each organism. |
| c. | percentage of A nucleotides = the percentage of G nucleotides, and the percentage of C nucleotides = the percentage of T nucleotides. |
| d. | genetic material is composed of proteins, not DNA. |
10. During DNA replication:
| a. | each strand of the double helix acts as a template for the synthesis of a new strand. |
| b. | the enzyme DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the strand being synthesized. |
| c. | the bases A,C,G and T are required. |
| d. | All of the above are true of DNA replication. |
11. During translation, amino acids are joined by peptide bonds to make polypeptides. The formation of these peptide bonds is catalyzed by:
| a. | DNA. |
| b. | mRNA. |
| c. | tRNA. |
| d. | rRNA. |
12. If an allele (R) at a gene with two alleles shows complete dominance, individuals with the genotypes ______ will have the same phenotype.
| a. | RR and rr. |
| b. | RR and Rr |
| c. | Rr and rr |
| d. | Each of the three possible genotypes will have a different phenotype. |
