In standard electrocardiography, cardiac electrical activity is recorded from three perspective, leads I, II, and III. Why are all three of these perspective necessary? In other words, what's the advantage of recording and analyzing them all as opposed to just one?
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Read the following statements carefully and determine which are true and which are false.
i) The energy required to synthesize nucleic acids comes from the nucleotide building blocks themselves.
ii) The "groove" in the structure of double-stranded DNA allows binding interactions between proteins and particular base sequences.
iii) In double-stranded DNA, the two strands are wound around one another in a right-handed helix.
| i) & ii) are true, and iii) is false. |
| i) & iii) are false, and ii) is true. |
| i) is false, and ii) & iii) are true. |
| All three statements are false. |
| All three statements are true. |
Question 1
- A moderate increase in extracellular potassium will
Increase heart rate due to a more negative EK | ||
Decrease heart rate due to a more negative EK | ||
Increase heart rate due to a less negative EK | ||
Decrease heart rate due to a less negative EK |
Question 2
- Apply Atropin will directly
Decrease parasympathetic innervation and increase heart rate | ||
Increase parasympathetic innervation and decrease heart rate | ||
Decrease sympathetic innervation and increase heart rate | ||
Increase sympathetic innervation and decrease heart rate |
Frog ECG is recorded using
An electrical stimulator | ||
Three wires including the one that is connected to the hook | ||
A force transducer | ||
Three wires and a force transducer |
Question 4
- How would you differentiate atrial contractions fromventricular contractions?
A. | Observe the heart beating and tap the table to label it | |
B. | From the size of the contractions | |
C. | Correlate it with the electrical trace, if the electrical traceis typical. | |
D. | Both A and C |
Question 5
- In this week's experiment, _________signal(s) will be recordedto study the frog cardiac functions.
mechanical (contractile) | ||
electrical (ECG) | ||
both mechanical and electrical | ||
blood flow |
Question 6
- In this week's experiment, the heart is hooked at the________
either atrium or ventricle | ||
ventricle | ||
atrium |
sympathetic/increase | ||
parasympathetic/decrease | ||
Sympathetic/decrease | ||
parasympathetic/increase |
Question 8
- The frog heart can be slowed or stopped by over stimulation ofthe vagus nerve. When apply ACh to the heart, if the frog heartstop beating, you should
Wash the heart with warm Ringers | ||
Apply a few drops of Isuprel | ||
Massage the heart | ||
All of the above | ||
Observe the trace and do nothing |
Question 9
- The pacemaker in the frog heart is the __________ and thepacemaker in the mammalian heart is the ________
AV, SA node | ||
SV, SA node | ||
SA, SV node | ||
SA, SA node |
Question 10
- Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the frogheart
There is no autorhythmic cells found in the frog ventricle. | ||
Oxygenated and deoxygenated blood are mixed completely insidethe frog ventricle | ||
There are two atria and two ventricles. | ||
Deoxygenated blood flows to the frog lungs and skin. |
