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46. With the conquest of the dry land both lower and higher plants adopted to the great new opportunities to propagate their species. They developed ……………………………………………………… (what?)

47. Name two subkingdoms that developed spores: ____________, __________________

48. By which two means do mosses ensure that their spores launch successfully?

49. The moss spores germinate and form a network called ……………………………. (what?)

50. Where exactly do you find the spores in ferns? (IF you take time to think about the question you will realize that there are at least two parts to it)

51. When fern spores germinate they develop a tissue called ………………………………

52. How do ferns make sure that their spores are launched successfully?

53. Where do you find the spores in horsetails?

55. Name the two large groups (sub-divisions) of plants that produce seeds …………………., …………………..

56. In medieval times plants were thought to be the most innocent beings on earth. It took a …………………………. (name the profession of this biologist) to show the world in 1787 that plants have male and female organs and engage in what we call now sex.

57. The knowledge about the role of pollination for fruit and seed formation was …………………………. among ancient Sumerians, Persians and Egyptians but …………………………

58. The germination of pollen is easily achieved. (True or False). You just (do what) ………………………………………………………………………………………….

59. Pollen is produced by the …………………………………. (name the organ) sitting at the end of the ………………… (name the organ!)

60. What is so special about the pollination of orchids?

61. A pollen grain has …………….. (how many?) nuclei.

62. Describe the roles of the three nuclei contained in a pollen grain!

63. Does pollen bring all the genetic traits of the male parent to bear on the offspring?

64. What is a seed and which are its three major components?

65. What is the advantage of propagating by seeds when compared with the propagation in lower plants?

66. What is the advantage of plant embryos when compared with animal embryos?

67. Name the species having the largest seeds in our galaxy?

68. Name the plant family having the smallest seeds in the solar system!

69. Seeds of the class liliopsida (monocots) are characterized by the presence of ……………………………… as food storage and hence differ from seeds of the class magnoliopsida which are characterized by the presence of …………………………………………………. ……………………………………

70. If dicot seeds do not have any endosperm, what is their alternative?

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Trinidad Tremblay
Trinidad TremblayLv2
28 Sep 2019

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Related questions

33. Why do peat moss bogs preserve the bodies of people who were tossed into them many thousand years ago so miraculously? .............................................................................................................................................

34. Why are the cells of bryophytes better suited for dehydration/rehydration than those of higher plant?

35. Why are the bodies of bryophytes better suited for dehydration/rehydration than those of higher plant?

36. Which fact changed the view that higher plants evolved from lower plants like bryophytes?

37. Poikilohydric plants are plants that ............................................ ..............................................................................................

38. Name three features that support the hypothesis that mosses or bryophytes descended from green algae!

39. Name three so-called mosses and point out why they are misnomers!

40. Although both algae and mosses are well adapted to survive severe dehydration for extended periods, they differ in the mechanisms of how this feature is achieved. While algae store water for extended periods in the ............................................ of their cell walls, bryophytes use .......................................................... situated .................................................... to achieve the same goal.

41. Name the two plants (genus suffices) that are directly known as “resurrection plants”.

42. Name the areas where bryophytes establish the dominant vegetation!

43. The Pteridophyta or fern group is a division of plants that in addition to the true ferns includes the classes ........................... , ..............................., ..........................., ................................., ......................................

44. The first forests on earth were neither conifer nor hardwood forests, the were made of members of the ........................... A famous tree was Calamites belonging to the Pterodphyte class of ............................................., A famous tree was Lepidodendron belonging to the Pterodphyte class of .............................................,

45. The phylogenetically oldest pteridophytes are the .................................. . These plants consist of a .......................... as the only organ in addition to attached sporangia.

Question 1

The key innovation that allowed for plant survival on land, seenin the first land plants and all others after, but not in thecharophytes, is

Question 1 options:

fruit.

vascular tissue.

the seed.

protection of the embryo.

Question 2

Which dramatic change in the alternation-of-generations lifecycle led to the protection of all phases of the life cycle and theformation of seeds?

Question 2 options:

transition from a dominant gametophyte generation to a dominantsporophyte generation

transition from a dominant sporophyte generation to a dominantgametophyte generation

Question 3

Which structure(s) allow the sporophyte of vascular plants to beprotected against drying out?

Question 3 options:

the waxy covering of leaves, called the cuticle

small openings in the leaves, called stomata

guard cells that surround each stoma

all of these structures protect the dominant sporophyte fromdrying out

Question 4

Why are the bryophytes called nonvascular plants?

Question 4 options:

because they are specialized for transporting water and organicnutrients

because their roots, stems, and leaves lack vascular tissue

because they protect their embryo

because they produce wind-blown spores

Question 5

Which generation is dominant in the bryophytes?

Question 5 options:

the generations are equally dominant

the sporophyte

the gametophyte

there is no sporophyte generation in bryophytes

Question 6

Which of the bryophytes are typically low-lying, due mostly totheir need for moisture and lack of vascular tissue?

Question 6 options:

the mosses

the liverworts

the hornworts

all of the bryophytes are low-lying

Question 7

Which structure of the moss protects the embryo from dryingout?

Question 7 options:

the archegonium

the antheridium

the sporangium

the stalk

Question 8

Cooksonia were the first __________ plants; they hadwind-blown spores, __________, leaves, and roots.

Question 8 options:

nonvascular; branches

vascular; seeds

nonvascular; seeds

vascular; branches

Question 9

The roots of today's lycophytes are much like __________ were inearly vascular plants; the vascular tissue is __________.

Question 9 options:

roots; centrally placed

stems; centrally placed

leaves; only found at the perimeter

branches; only found at the perimeter

Question 10

Pteridophytes, or ferns and their allies, are __________vascular plants with __________.

Question 10 options:

seed-producing; microphylls

seedless; microphylls

seedless; megaphylls

seed-producing; megaphylls

Question 11

Microphylls __________. Megaphylls__________.

Question 11 options:

are found in all vascular plants; are only found in thelycophytes

are broad leaves with a single strand of vascular tissue; arenarrow and have several strands vascular tissue

are broad leaves with several strands of vascular tissue; arenarrow and have a single strand of vascular tissue

are narrow and have a single strand of vascular tissue; arebroad leaves with several strands of vascular tissue

Question 12

The fern life cycle

Question 12 options:

all of these choices accurately describe the fern lifecycle.

is dependent on external water.

relies on the wind to disperse the spores.

produces a gametophyte that lacks vascular tissue.

Question 13

Seed plants use meiosis to produce

Question 13 options:

spores and pollen.

seeds and fruit.

pollen and seeds.

microspores and megaspores.

Question 14

In seed plants, a microspore develops into

Question 14 options:

an egg.

a pollen grain.

a sporophyte.

All of these answers correctly complete this sentence.

Question 15

Within the angiosperms, or ___________, two groups exist. Theyare named for their __________.

Question 15 options:

vascular plants; number of cotyledons, or seed coats

nonvascular plants; leaf type

flowering plants; number of cotyledons, or seed coats

fungi; leaf type

Question 16

The __________ parts of a flower are the stamens, each of whichhas two parts: the anther and the filament. The __________ parts ofa flower are the carpel, which has three major regions: the stigma,the style, and the __________.

Question 16 options:

female; male; ovary

male; female; sepals

female; male; sepals

male; female; ovary

Question 17

Double fertilization during the angiosperm life cycle involvestwo sperm, one of which __________, while the other __________.

Question 17 options:

fertilizes the egg to form a zygote; produces the endospermnucleus, which will develop into food for the developing plant

is a mature male gametophyte; is an immature malegametophyte

lands on the carpel of the plant; is usually blown away in thewind

develops into the seed; develops into the fruit that surroundsthe seeds

Question 18

The bodies of most fungi are made up of a network of filamentscalled hyphae.

Question 18 options:

True

False

Question 19

What is the difference between land fungi and the chytrids?

Question 19 options:

Land fungi are motile and have flagella at all stages of theirlife cycle. The chytrids do not have flagella.

Land fungi are nonmotile and do not have flagella at any stageof their life cycle. The chytrids have flagellated spores andgametes.

Land fungi are nonmotile and only have flagellated spores. Thechytrids have flagellated spores and gametes.

Both are motile for part of their life cycle. Land fungi aremotile as gametes. Chytrids are motile as spores.

Question 20

The vast majority of described species of fungi are __________fungi, which include unicellular __________, which reproducesexually once their food supply runs out. When yeast ferment, theyproduce ethanol and carbon dioxide.

Question 20 options:

zygospore; black bread molds

club; mushroom

sac; yeast

mutualistic; lichen

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