Match the type of phenotypic change between the type of Gene and chain you're most likely to cause it. Each type of Gene and change may be used more than once or may not be used at all.
phenotypic changes
1. A protein normally localized in the nucleus is not localized in the cytoplasm
2. A protein acquires a DNA binding domain
3. Tandem copies of a gene are found in the genome.
4. A copy of a bacterial Gene is now found integrated on a human chromosome.
5. A protein becomes much more unstable
6. A protein normally expressed only in the liver is now expressed in blood cells.
A. mutation within a gene
B. Gene duplication
C. mutation in a regulatory region
D. Exon shuffling
E. horizontal Gene transfer
could I get some help with this problem I'm not too sure about my answers thank you
Match the type of phenotypic change between the type of Gene and chain you're most likely to cause it. Each type of Gene and change may be used more than once or may not be used at all.
phenotypic changes
1. A protein normally localized in the nucleus is not localized in the cytoplasm
2. A protein acquires a DNA binding domain
3. Tandem copies of a gene are found in the genome.
4. A copy of a bacterial Gene is now found integrated on a human chromosome.
5. A protein becomes much more unstable
6. A protein normally expressed only in the liver is now expressed in blood cells.
A. mutation within a gene
B. Gene duplication
C. mutation in a regulatory region
D. Exon shuffling
E. horizontal Gene transfer
could I get some help with this problem I'm not too sure about my answers thank you
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QUESTION 3
What is the purpose of chromatin-remodeling enzymes in human cells?
| The enzymes control the rate of translation of an mRNA transcript | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The enzymes add phosphate or methyl groups to histone tails | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The enzymes slide nucleosomes farther apart or closer to each other | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The enzymes send damaged proteins to the proteasome for degradation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The enzymes cause DNA looping to occur QUESTION 10 If you can drink milk as an adult, it means that you have inherited a mutation in the an enhancer for your lactase gene (the gene that encodes the enzyme you need to break down lactose). Predict the effect of this mutation:
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QUESTION 10
If you can drink milk as an adult, it means that you have inherited a mutation in the promoter of your lactase gene (the gene that encodes the enzyme you need to break down lactose). Predict the effect of this mutation:
| The mutation changes the number of domains in the enzyme, which makes it work more efficiently | ||
| The mutation changes the amino acid sequence of the lactase protein | ||
| The mutation increases the number of copies of the lactase gene that will be found in your genome | ||
| The mutation changes whether the lactase sequence is found in an intron or exon | ||
| The mutation affects the expression of the lactase gene |
1.2 points
QUESTION 11
A competitive inhibitor is decreasing the activity of an enzyme. Predict the effect of adding more substrate to the reaction.
| The substrate will increase the reaction rate by binding to the allosteric site | ||
| The substrate will increase the reaction rate by competing with the inhibitor for the active site | ||
| The reaction rate will not change unless the inhibitor can be removed | ||
| The enzyme adjusts its shape so that the substrate, but NOT the competitive inhibitor, can bind | ||
| The substrate will bind to the competitive inhibitor and block its ability to bind to the enzyme |
1.2 points
QUESTION 12
What determines where in the genome a transcription regulator will bind?
| Transcription regulators bind to the 5' UTR region of a gene | ||
| Regulators bind via complementary base-pairing to certain DNA molecules | ||
| Covalent bonds form between the transcription regulator and the atoms of the DNA backbone | ||
| Every eukaryotic gene has a different transcription regulator that will bind to the 5' end of the gene | ||
| Transcription regulators bind to specific DNA sequences via multiple weak non-covalent interactions |
1.2 points
QUESTION 13
What is the basic premise of cell theory?
| DNA -> RNA -> protein | ||
| All cells arise from pre-existing cells | ||
| DNA provides the complete instructions to create a cell | ||
| The identity of a cell is determined through gene expression patterns | ||
| All cells contain the same four basic macromolecules |
1.2 points
QUESTION 14
What is the benefit of using BOTH the lac activator and the lac repressor to control gene expression?
| Using both an activator and repressor enables cells to more accurately determine the amount of lactose available in the environment | ||
| Enzymes to digest lactose are only made when energy is low and lactose is available | ||
| The activator can override the inhibition of the lac operon by the repressor | ||
| The repressor can control the enhancer, while the activator can control the promoter | ||
| When neither the lac activator or repressor is present, expression of the lac operon is too high |
1.2 points
QUESTION 15
What is the histone code used for?
| Phosphorylation and acetylation of DNA affect its ability to be compacted | ||
| Changes to the sequence of DNA change whether DNA will wrap around histone proteins | ||
| Covalent modifications of histones affect the ability of the transcription initiation complex to form | ||
| Histones provide the codon sequences needed for translation to occur | ||
| The histone code affects which amino acids will get added to a polypeptide |