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What is the role of the following in translation: AUG codon, A site, P site, peptide bond, tRNA, rRNA, ribosome subunit, N terminus, C terminus, R group, initiation codon, fMet, Shine-Dalgarno, peptidyl transferase, release factor, nonsense codons, antibiotics.

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Deanna Hettinger
Deanna HettingerLv2
28 Sep 2019
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Related questions

4. What occupies each of the three ribosomal sites (E, P, A) during the following stages of translation: 6 pts

(a) upon creation of the 70s initiation complex

(b) after an initial round of peptidyl transfer, prior to aminoacyl tRNA binding

(c) following aminoacyl tRNA binding, but before the peptidyl transfer reaction

(d) after peptidyl transfer, but before translocation is completed by EF-G

(e) upon reaching a stop codon

(f) following release of the polypeptide chain, but before the appearance of RRF.

Match the following:

1

Region which lies upstream of thetranslation start site contains the Shine Dalgarno sequence
2

Sequence added to the 3' end of thepre-mRNA which affects mRNA stability
3

Establishes the reading frame andspecifies the first amino acid of the protein chain
4

DNA sequence that the transcriptionapparatus recognizes and binds to initiate transcription
5

Expressed sequences of DNA that arenot removed during alternative splicing
6

Signals the end of translation andthe protein molecule
7

Group of three nucleotides that codefor an amino acid
8

Site begins the coding region of thegene and is located 25-30 nucleotides downstream of the TATAbox
9

Non-coding sequences of DNA thatintervene within coding regions of a gene

10 Ribosome binding site ineukaryotes; functions in the initiation of translation and mRNAstability
11

A sequence which lies downstream ofthe coding region of the gene; determines the location of the 3'cleavage site in the pre-mRNA molecule
12

Sequence of nucleotides at the 3' endof the mRNA that is not translated into protein; affects thetranslation and stability of the mRNA molecule
A.

5' untranslated region
B.

AAUAAA consensus sequence
C.

Promoter
D.

Transcription start site
E.

3' untranslated region
F.

Introns
G.

Initiation codon (AUG)
H.

Poly(A) tail
I.

5' cap
J.

Termination codon (UAA, UGA, UAG)
K.

Exons
L.

Sense codon

What are codons, the genetic code, redundancy, and reading frames?

What are the important structural features of a tRNA?

What is the relationship between the number of possible codons, amino acids, and tRNAs?

What is tRNA charging? What is the enzyme responsible for tRNA charging?

What are ribosomes made of? What are the roles of the large and small subunit? What are the E, P, and A sites? What is the function of the rRNAs?

What are the steps in translation including initiation, elongation, and termination? What are the roles of the initiator tRNA, translation initiation factors, EF-Tu/EF1, EF-G/EF2, and release factors?

What is the match between a codon and tRNA proofread?

What is a polysome?

What do proteasomes, ubiquitin, and proteases have to do with protein degradation (proteolysis)?

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