1) Describe the steps of transcription and translation in a eukaryotic cell
2) List the steps of infection of an HIV virus
3) What is the difference between lytic and lysogenic cycle of viral replication
4) A patient is shown to have defects in his tRNA, where now the protein no longer brings in the matching amino acid to the codon, predict the consequence of this abnormality
5) Describe the steps of making an mRNA from a premRNA
1) Describe the steps of transcription and translation in a eukaryotic cell
2) List the steps of infection of an HIV virus
3) What is the difference between lytic and lysogenic cycle of viral replication
4) A patient is shown to have defects in his tRNA, where now the protein no longer brings in the matching amino acid to the codon, predict the consequence of this abnormality
5) Describe the steps of making an mRNA from a premRNA
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QUESTION 1: The rabies virus primarily affects the nervous system. The specificity that the rabies virus has for neuronal host cells is primarily dictated by __________________________.
A. the helical shape of its viral capsid |
B. the type of nucleic acid used for its viral genome (single-stranded, antisense RNA) |
C. the spikes that protrude from its viral envelope |
D. the segmented nature of its viral genome |
QUESTION 2: Which of the following genome types has been observed in viruses? To be marked correct, you'll need to select all true statements, as there may be more than one correct answer.
A. Single-stranded RNA |
B. Single-stranded DNA |
C. Double-stranded RNA |
D. Protein-based |
QUESTION 3: Choose the correct statement about viral evolution.
A. RNA and DNA viral genomes evolve at equal rates. | ||||||||||||
B. Cellular genomes mutate at a faster rate than viral genomes due to their large size and increased chance of replicative mistakes. | ||||||||||||
C. DNA viruses mutate faster than RNA viruses because thymine is more susceptible to mutation than uracil. | ||||||||||||
D. RNA viruses mutate faster than DNA viruses due to a lack of proofreading replicative enzymes. QUESTION 4: Your elderly patient is affected by shingles. After careful observation, you note that the virus responsible for the infection has an icosahedral capsid, is enveloped, and has double-stranded linear DNA as its genetic material. Based on this information, in which of the following viral families would you group this viral pathogen?
QUESTION 5: Which of the following is a key difference between lytic and lysogenic bacteriophage replication cycles?
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If one is testing a goodness of fit to a 9:3:3:1 ratio, how many degrees of freedom would be associated with the Chi-square?
1
2
3
4
not enough information to determine
Which of the following choices does not describe a type of posttranslational modification of proteins?
The amino terminal methionine may be removed. |
Glycoproteins are produced by the attachment of phosphates to newly synthesized proteins. |
Precursor proteins are cleaved and trimmed by protease enzymes to produce a functional protein. |
Molecular chaperones help proteins fold correctly. |
Amino acids in the amino terminal of the protein can be acetylated. |
A eukaryotic DNA sequence that affects transcription at distant promoters is called a(n)
long distance promotor |
regulator |
operon |
enhancer |
DNA methylation may be a significant mode of genetic regulation in eukaryotes. Meythylation refers to
altering RNA polymerase activity by adding methyl-groups |
changes in DNA-DNA hydrogen bonding |
altering translation activity via methylated tRNAs |
adding methyl groups to certain cytosines in DNA |
If a nucleotide lacks a 3â-OH group, what will happen?
itâs transformed into RNA |
another nucleotide can bond at the 3â site during replication |
replication will halt |
no effect |
Which of the following describe posttranscriptional modifications commonly seen in mRNA of eukaryotes?
5â capping, 3â-poly-A tail addition, splicing |
3â capping, 5â poly-A tail addition, splicing |
heteroduplex formation |
5â capping, 3âpolyA tail addition, removal of exons |
In birds, females are the heterogametic sex. This means that
females have chromosomes in pairs. |
emales produce eggs. |
females determine the gender of their offspring. |
males have two identical sex chromosomes (ZZ) An anticodon on a tRNA has the sequence 5'âGCAâ3'. What would be the effect on translation if the G in the anticodon were mutated to a U?
|