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1. List and briefly describe two direct and two indirect methods ofcounting microbes.

3. Discuss the terms used to classify organisms according to theirsources of energy and carbon.
4. Cellular respiration of glucose results in the production of 38ATP. At the end of the Krebs cycle the breakdown of glucose tocarbon dioxide and water is completed, yet only 4 molecules of ATPhave been made. Explain how the other 34 molecules of ATP areproduced.
5. Most photosynthesizing cells conduct non-cyclicphotophosphorylation. However, green and purple
sulfur bacteria conduct cyclic photophosphorylation. Summarize thedifferences.
6. Most cells conduct glycolysis to produce a net of 2 ATP fromglucose. The pentose phosphate pathway is
also used by most bacteria, yet it yields only 1 ATP from glucose.What are the benefits to using the pentose
phosphate pathway to catabolize some glucose?

7. Briefly discuss lipids or proteins metabolism by cells.

8. Cells that ferment have extracted all the ATP they can get outof a glucose once two pyruvate molecules are
produced. However, these cells must conduct at least one additionalstep, resulting in a waste product, such as acid or alcohol.Explain.

9. List and briefly describe differences between selective anddifferential media, enrichment.

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Nestor Rutherford
Nestor RutherfordLv2
28 Sep 2019

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