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4 May 2019

What happens to the Vm if I added a drug that increased Cl-permeability from 15 to 500 (a)? What happens when I use another drug that increases permeability from 500 to 1000(b)? Explain.

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Lelia Lubowitz
Lelia LubowitzLv2
4 May 2019

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Related questions

1. You decide to measure the Vm of the membrane below to verify your calculation. You place an axon in a dish containing a solution that matches the table above. Next you put your reference electrode and the recording electrode into the solution. What do you read on the volt meter?

2. Now you puncture the axon membrane with the recording electrode and the voltmeter reads -62.1 mV. Is this different from your calculated Vm? Explain why it is different.

Ion ICF (mM) ECF (mM) Permeability (p)
K+

150

 15 110
Na+ 25 200 1.5
Cl- 10 150 15

This is the peak depolarization in an action potential. At this point in an action potential two events start to happen.

1. Na+ channels begin to inactivate, which is equivalent to closing.

2. A majority of the K+ channels are beginning to open.

Determine what happens to the membrane potential when voltage-gated K+ channels are open simultaneously with voltage-gated Na+ channels (and the leak K+ channels which are still open). Increase the membrane permeability to K+ by increasing it to 115.

i. What happens to the membrane potential Em? __________________________

j. Why does the membrane potential change in this direction? __________________________ Now inactivate the voltage-gated Na+ channels by reducing the membrane permeability for Na+ back to 1. k. What is the new membrane potential? _____________

l. Is the new membrane potential less negative or more negative than the resting membrane potential listed in line ‘b’ of this section? _____________

m. Why? (hint: what 2 types of K+ channels are open now?) n. Under the current ionic concentrations given, what is the most negative value that the membrane potential could reach? _____________ (Increase the permeability of the membrane to K+ to confirm your answer.)

o. What equilibrium potential has the same value? _____________

p. At this point in the action potential, when the membrane potential is more negative than the resting potential, the membrane potential is said to be hyperpolarized. What happens to voltage-gated K+ channels (membrane permeability to K+) to bring the membrane potential back to its resting potential near -70mV?_____________

When the membrane potential became more negative than the Threshold potential, the inactivated voltage-gated Na+ channels became reactivated. After the voltage-gated K+ channels closed to enable the membrane potential to return to resting membrane potential they became ready to open again. Both channels are ready to open again in order to fire another action potentia

Please help with these questions!

1. A messenger to a receptor protein blocks the translation ofsodium leak channels in a neuron. What happens to the membranepotential and why? Hint: think about permeability and use theequations from class. ( i know that it blocks the membranepotential but I'm not sure why)

2. How many molecules of ATP are in the cytosol, in theintermembrane space, and in the mitochondrial matrix after reacting1 molecule of glucose through all three stages of aerobicrespiration? (I believe there is is 2 molecules of ATP in thecytosol but I'm not sure about the intermembrane space or themitochondrial matrix)

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