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14 Aug 2019

2-The Sliding Filament theory of muscle contraction suggests that THICK/THINfilaments slides over the thick myosin filaments TOWARDS/AWAY FROMthe center shortening the length of the sarcomere leading to the shortening of myofibrils and the whole muscle fibers.

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Lelia Lubowitz
Lelia LubowitzLv2
14 Aug 2019

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Related questions

Describe the process of skeletal muscle contraction by assembling the following 10 events in the proper order. Your answer must be written in complete sentences- do not just list the letters or the events- write it out. Begin your description with an action potential traveling down a motor neuron and end with the muscle in it's relaxed state.

A) T and T system undergoes a conformational change, exposing the myosin binding sites on actin

B) myosin heads/cross bridges bind to actin and flex, shortening the sacromere

C) the motor neuron triggers an action potential at the neuromuscular junction

D) calcium ions bind to the T and T system

E) actin filaments are pulled toward the center of the sacromere, shortening the muscle fiber

F) muscle fiber is stimulated at the neuromuscular junction

G) myosin head/cross-bridges bind to actin

H) APs travel down the T-tubules to the sarcoplasmic reticulum

I) in response to an AP, calcium ions are released into the cytosol/space around the myofibrils

J) calcium ions actively transported into the sarcoplasmic reticulum

K) myosin head continues to attach, flex, release, extend, and reattach as long as calcium ions are present

broken down answers to help study

  1. know which joint has no joint cavity
  2. know the term for freely movablejoint
  3. know the difference between syndesmoses,gomphosis, and suture and example for each.
  4. know Synarthroses, Amphiarthroses andDiarthroses
  5. know synchondrosis and examples forit
  6. know different parts and components ofsynovial joints
  7. know different types of movements likegliding, flexion, extension, circumduction and rotation.
  8. know the structural category of synovialjoints and know examples for them
  9. Know the different joint movements
  10. know the functions of muscle
  11. know isometric vs isotonic movment. Knowconcentric vs eccentric contraction
  12. know different layers of connective tissuesurrounding a skeletal muscle
  13. know the definition of fascicle,aponoresis, muscle fiber, myofibrils and myofilaments.
  14. know how an action potential releases Cafrom SR
  15. know different regions of a sarcomere,including A and I band, Z disc, H zone, M line etc
  16. know the structures of thick and thinfilaments
  17. know the sliding theory of musclecontraction
  18. know the effect of Ach esterase
  19. know the source of energy in skeletalmuscle, including glycolysis and its result
  20. know the definition of a muscle twitch,unfused and fused tetanus
  21. know different types of muscle fibers,slow oxidative, fast glycolytic and slow glycolytic fibers andtheir characteristics
  22. know the difference between spasm andcramp
  23. know oxygen debt, the reason and theresult
  24. know different part of a curve for muscletwitch
  25. know the process of smooth musclecontraction
  26. know the role of caldesmon and calponin inmuscle contraction
  27. know the counterpart of skeletal musclecomponents in the smooth muscle

1)Describe the directions in which the two motor proteins, kinesin and dynein, travel along a microtubule. Which of the two proteins moves materials towards the Golgi and which moves materials away from the Golgi? Lastly, what is the speed of kinesin dependent on?

2)What are microfilaments crucial for? How do they self-assemble? Which end do they prefer to elongate from?

3)Describe what types of filaments are in each of the bands of the sarcomere. As a muscle fiber is shortened, describe what happens to each of the bands in the sarcomere as the Z lines move inwards.

4)Describe the role of calcium ions in muscle contraction.

5)List the various types of actin-binding proteins

6) A. What are 3 functions of the cytoskeleton?

B.What are the three filaments that compose the cytoskeleton, and what are they composed?

7)How do they see the internal structures of cells in the microscope? What do proteins get labeled with?

8)Myosin II action (Figure 9.61) differs from that of kinesin (Figure 9.15) in that one of the kinesin heads is always in contact with a microtubule, whereas both myosin heads become completely detached from the actin filament. How are these differences correlated with the two types of motor activities in which these proteins engage?

9)If a myofibril were pulled so that the sarcomeres increased in length by approximately 50 percent, what effect would you expect this to have on the contractile ability of the myofibril? Why? What effects would this have on the H, A, and I bands?

10)Because cytoplasmic vesicles are seen to move in both directions within an axon, can you conclude that some microtubules are oriented with their plus end facing the axon terminus and others oriented with the opposite polarity? Why or why not?

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