BIO 201 Lecture 16: Lecture 16 - Energetics and ATP
6 Sep 2018
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1st law of thermodynamics: the energy of a closed system is conserved. (however, energy can (cid:271)e (cid:272)o(cid:374)(cid:448)erted fro(cid:373) o(cid:374)e for(cid:373) to a(cid:374)other, (cid:271)ut it does(cid:374)"t (cid:272)ha(cid:374)ge the total e(cid:374)ergy(cid:895) (cid:894)e(cid:374)ergy (cid:272)a(cid:374) neither be created or destroyed) 2nd law of thermodynamics: the entropy of a closed system always tends to increase. Decreasing entropy requires energy. put energy in it. If you want to go back to the other direction, you have to. Any time energy is interconverted in a closed system, entropy increases. In cells, energy is constantly being interconverted, therefore, cells must constantly bring in energy just to maintain themselves. If you do(cid:374)"t put e(cid:374)ergy i(cid:374), e(cid:374)tropy (cid:449)ill i(cid:374)(cid:272)rease. Loss of cellular integrity breakdown of biological macromolecules rip: favorable or exergonic reaction, unfavorable of endergonic reaction. Gibbs free energy (g): the total energy of a system. Change in free energy g = gproducts greactants.
