BIOCHEM 3H03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Neuroendocrinology, Androstenedione, Sex Steroid
19 Apr 2019
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Two small (4-6g) triangular shaped glands sitting on top of each kidney. Primary function: produce adrenal hormones (>50 hormones: mineralocorticoids, aldosterone, related to sodium/potassium balance; homeostasis, glucocorticoids, cortisol for glucose metabolism, sex hormones (minor products, catecholamines, epinephrine, norepinephrine, fight or flight, blood pressure. *will not get questions on anatomy, but the location of it is important. Inner layer (medulla: controlled by neuroendocrine system, release of epinephrine and norepinephrine. Too much of one thing will get shunted toward a certain process. Target organ every cell of the body. Increase protein catabolism: contrast with gh and insulin (protein synthesis, cortisol breaks down proteins. Increase levels of glucose and ffas in blood: like gh but opposing insulin, can do this by gluconeogenesis. Increase hepatic glucose synthesis: promotes the formation of glucose, and the liver starts to store the glucose as glycogen; to keep it long-term.
